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twist-leaf goldenrod

Habit Plants 30–130 cm; caudices small, woody, rhizomes creeping, elongate.
Stems

1–10, ascending to erect, uniformly finely strigillose-villous distal to mid.

Leaves

basal cauline nearly always withering well before flowering, linear-oblanceolate, smaller than proximal mid cauline, serrate;

proximal persisting, sometimes brown-black after senescence, often twisted;

proximal to distal numerous (100+ on tall stems), crowded, sessile, blades (bright green) linear to linear-lanceolate, 20–70 × 2–7(–10) mm, margins remotely serrulate (proximal) to entire or with 1–2 minute serrations (distal), obscurely 3-nerved, one or both faces glabrous or finely strigillose.

Peduncles

1–4 mm, finely strigilloso-villous;

bracteoles 0–2, linear, grading into phyllaries.

Involucres

narrowly campanulate, 2.5–3.5 mm.

Ray florets

2–8;

laminae 1–2 × 0.25–0.5 mm.

Disc florets

2–4(–6);

corollas 2.3–3.5 mm, lobes 0.4–1 mm.

Phyllaries

in 3–4 series, strongly unequal;

outer ovate, acute, inner oblong, obtuse to rounded.

Heads

100–300+, in short to elongate, pyramidal paniculiform arrays, branches recurved, secund.

Cypselae

(narrowly obconic) 1 mm, strigillose;

pappi 2–3 mm.

2n

= 18.

Solidago tortifolia

Phenology Flowering Aug–Nov (year-round).
Habitat Dry, usually sandy soils, pinelands, embankments
Elevation 0–100+ m (0–300+ ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AL; AR; FL; GA; LA; MS; NC; SC; TX; VA
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Source FNA vol. 20, p. 158.
Parent taxa Asteraceae > tribe Astereae > Solidago > sect. Solidago > subsect. Triplinerviae
Sibling taxa
S. albopilosa, S. altiplanities, S. altissima, S. arenicola, S. arguta, S. auriculata, S. bicolor, S. brachyphylla, S. buckleyi, S. caesia, S. canadensis, S. confinis, S. curtisii, S. delicatula, S. drummondii, S. elongata, S. erecta, S. faucibus, S. fistulosa, S. flexicaulis, S. gattingeri, S. gigantea, S. glomerata, S. guiradonis, S. hispida, S. houghtonii, S. juliae, S. juncea, S. kralii, S. lancifolia, S. latissimifolia, S. leavenworthii, S. leiocarpa, S. lepida, S. ludoviciana, S. macrophylla, S. missouriensis, S. mollis, S. multiradiata, S. nana, S. nemoralis, S. nitida, S. odora, S. ohioensis, S. ouachitensis, S. patula, S. petiolaris, S. pinetorum, S. plumosa, S. ptarmicoides, S. puberula, S. pulchra, S. radula, S. riddellii, S. rigida, S. roanensis, S. rugosa, S. rupestris, S. sciaphila, S. sempervirens, S. shortii, S. simplex, S. spathulata, S. speciosa, S. spectabilis, S. sphacelata, S. spithamaea, S. squarrosa, S. stricta, S. tarda, S. uliginosa, S. ulmifolia, S. velutina, S. verna, S. villosicarpa, S. wrightii
Name authority Elliott: Sketch Bot. S. Carolina 2: 377. (1823)
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