Solidago tortifolia |
Solidago villosicarpa |
|
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twist-leaf goldenrod |
glandular wand goldenrod, hairy-seed goldenrod |
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Habit | Plants 30–130 cm; caudices small, woody, rhizomes creeping, elongate. | Plants loosely cespitose, 45–150 cm; caudices short, woody, or short rhizomes. |
Stems | 1–10, ascending to erect, uniformly finely strigillose-villous distal to mid. |
usually single, erect (proximally medium to dark brown distally lighter, sometimes cyanotic, usually rounded, shallowly many ribbed), sparsely finely hispido-strigose proximally to densely so in arrays. |
Leaves | basal cauline nearly always withering well before flowering, linear-oblanceolate, smaller than proximal mid cauline, serrate; proximal persisting, sometimes brown-black after senescence, often twisted; proximal to distal numerous (100+ on tall stems), crowded, sessile, blades (bright green) linear to linear-lanceolate, 20–70 × 2–7(–10) mm, margins remotely serrulate (proximal) to entire or with 1–2 minute serrations (distal), obscurely 3-nerved, one or both faces glabrous or finely strigillose. |
rosettes often present at flowering, early leaves smaller; basal and proximal cauline gradually to abruptly tapering to winged petioles, blades elliptic to ovate-elliptic, 90–210 (including petioles) × 40–70 mm, margins serrate-serrulate, ciliate, apices obtuse to broadly acute, faces abaxially glabrous or sparsely strigose, adaxially glabrous or sparsely strigose, mostly on nerves; mid to distal cauline sessile, blades lanceolate or elliptic, 20–650 × 10–30 mm, gradually reduced distally, becoming entire, apices acute to acuminate. |
Peduncles | 1–4 mm, finely strigilloso-villous; bracteoles 0–2, linear, grading into phyllaries. |
0.5–11 mm, densely short hispido-strigose; bracteoles 5–10+, grading into phyllaries, sparsely short hispido-strigose and sparsely to moderately glandular. |
Involucres | narrowly campanulate, 2.5–3.5 mm. |
campanulate, 5–8 mm. |
Ray florets | 2–8; laminae 1–2 × 0.25–0.5 mm. |
4–8; laminae 5–7 × 1–2 mm. |
Disc florets | 2–4(–6); corollas 2.3–3.5 mm, lobes 0.4–1 mm. |
10–18; corollas 5–7 mm, lobes 1.5–2.2 mm. |
Phyllaries | in 3–4 series, strongly unequal; outer ovate, acute, inner oblong, obtuse to rounded. |
in 4–5 series, appressed, strongly unequal, outer ovate, acute, mid and inner broadly oblong (appressed), obtuse or rounded, sparsely strigose and moderately finely stipitate-glandular. |
Heads | 100–300+, in short to elongate, pyramidal paniculiform arrays, branches recurved, secund. |
50–100+ (1–10 per branch, more on much elongated proximal branches), in elongate to thyrsiform-paniculiform arrays 7–22 × 3–6 cm; branches ascending, racemiform or paniculiform, not secund, longest to 1/2 length of arrays. |
Cypselae | (narrowly obconic) 1 mm, strigillose; pappi 2–3 mm. |
(fusiform to obconic) 2.5–3 mm, moderately long-strigose; pappi 4–6 mm (some clavate). |
2n | = 18. |
|
Solidago tortifolia |
Solidago villosicarpa |
|
Phenology | Flowering Aug–Nov (year-round). | Flowering Sep. |
Habitat | Dry, usually sandy soils, pinelands, embankments | Sandy soils, live oak scrub on dunes, roadsides, open pine-oak woods, Atlantic coastal plain |
Elevation | 0–100+ m (0–300+ ft) | 10–20 m (0–100 ft) |
Distribution |
AL; AR; FL; GA; LA; MS; NC; SC; TX; VA
|
NC |
Discussion | Of conservation concern. Solidago villosicarpa is known only from New Hanover, Onslow, and Pender counties. It has a habit similar to those of S. hispida and S. squarrosa, leaves similar to those of S. erecta, and stem pubescence similar to that of S. puberula. The large, glandular involucres are unique within subsect. Squarrosae. It was compared to S. sciaphila when first described; it is not very similar to that Midwestern species. It is likely either a large-headed diploid like S. squarrosa or possibly an allopolyploid. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Source | FNA vol. 20, p. 158. | FNA vol. 20, p. 122. |
Parent taxa | Asteraceae > tribe Astereae > Solidago > sect. Solidago > subsect. Triplinerviae | Asteraceae > tribe Astereae > Solidago > sect. Solidago > subsect. Squarrosae |
Sibling taxa | ||
Name authority | Elliott: Sketch Bot. S. Carolina 2: 377. (1823) | LeBlond: Sida 19: 292, figs. 1–6. (2000) |
Web links |