Solidago tortifolia |
Solidago petiolaris |
|
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twist-leaf goldenrod |
downy goldenrod, downy ragged goldenrod |
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Habit | Plants 30–130 cm; caudices small, woody, rhizomes creeping, elongate. | Plants 40–150 cm; caudices stout, sometimes with long slender rhizomes. |
Stems | 1–10, ascending to erect, uniformly finely strigillose-villous distal to mid. |
1–20(–50+), stout, finely puberulent or scabrous-puberulent at least distally. |
Leaves | basal cauline nearly always withering well before flowering, linear-oblanceolate, smaller than proximal mid cauline, serrate; proximal persisting, sometimes brown-black after senescence, often twisted; proximal to distal numerous (100+ on tall stems), crowded, sessile, blades (bright green) linear to linear-lanceolate, 20–70 × 2–7(–10) mm, margins remotely serrulate (proximal) to entire or with 1–2 minute serrations (distal), obscurely 3-nerved, one or both faces glabrous or finely strigillose. |
basal absent at flowering; cauline sessile to short-petiolate; blades usually lanceolate-elliptic or ovate, sometimes linear-lanceolate, 30–150 × 5–30 mm, thick and firm, margins entire or few toothed, somewhat to much reduced distally, abaxial faces sometimes resinous and shiny, glabrous or strigillose (hairs mostly 0.1–1.4 mm), adaxial glabrous or scabrous. |
Peduncles | 1–4 mm, finely strigilloso-villous; bracteoles 0–2, linear, grading into phyllaries. |
mostly 2–15 mm, bracteolate, sparsely to densely short hispid-strigose. |
Involucres | narrowly campanulate, 2.5–3.5 mm. |
campanulate, 4.5–7.5 mm. |
Ray florets | 2–8; laminae 1–2 × 0.25–0.5 mm. |
(5–)7–9; laminae 3–7 × 1–2 mm. |
Disc florets | 2–4(–6); corollas 2.3–3.5 mm, lobes 0.4–1 mm. |
(8–)10–16; corollas 4–5 mm, lobes ca. 1–2 mm. |
Phyllaries | in 3–4 series, strongly unequal; outer ovate, acute, inner oblong, obtuse to rounded. |
in 3–4 series, unequal, linear-lanceolate, acute to attenuate, ± squarrose-tipped, glabrous or moderately strigose, sparsely to moderately stipitate-glandular, sometimes viscid. |
Heads | 100–300+, in short to elongate, pyramidal paniculiform arrays, branches recurved, secund. |
10–190+ in paniculiform (rarely racemiform) arrays, usually elongate, usually leafy-bracteate, bracts similar to distal leaves but reduced; branches stiffly ascending, not secund, sometimes elongate. |
Cypselae | (narrowly obconic) 1 mm, strigillose; pappi 2–3 mm. |
3–4 mm, glabrous or glabrate; pappi ca. 4 mm. |
2n | = 18. |
= 18, 36, 54. |
Solidago tortifolia |
Solidago petiolaris |
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Phenology | Flowering Aug–Nov (year-round). | Late Aug–Oct(–Nov). |
Habitat | Dry, usually sandy soils, pinelands, embankments | Woods and open places, especially sandy soils |
Elevation | 0–100+ m (0–300+ ft) | 0–1400[–2300] m (0–4600[–7500] ft) |
Distribution |
AL; AR; FL; GA; LA; MS; NC; SC; TX; VA
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AL; AR; FL; GA; IL; KS; LA; MO; NC; NE; NM; OK; SC; TX; Mexico (Coahuila)
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Discussion | Solidago petiolaris is reported from Colorado but that report has not been confirmed. G. L. Nesom (1990j) discussed variation in the species and mapped the distribution. It is variable in leaf and phyllary shape and indument. Although several varieties have often been recognized in floras, the characters used to distinguish them form continua of variation that do not break into distinct groupings. Several general trends are worth noting. Plants in the Ozarks often have very resinous leaves; that does not appear to correlate with phyllary indument traits. Phyllary pubescence varies in a continuous fashion as well, with the numbers and distribution of hairs not breaking into discontinuous ranges. Diploids are known from throughout the range; one report of a tetraploid comes from North Carolina. Two reports of tetraploids from Florida were based on misidentified specimens. Plants with compact short arrays approach S. wrightii in this trait. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Source | FNA vol. 20, p. 158. | FNA vol. 20, p. 118. |
Parent taxa | Asteraceae > tribe Astereae > Solidago > sect. Solidago > subsect. Triplinerviae | Asteraceae > tribe Astereae > Solidago > sect. Solidago > subsect. Thyrsiflorae |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Aster lindheimeranus, Aster petiolaris, S. angusta, S. harperi, S. lindheimeriana, S. milleriana, S. petiolaris var. angusta, S. petiolaris var. squarrulosa, S. petiolaris var. wardii, S. squarrulosa, S. wardii | |
Name authority | Elliott: Sketch Bot. S. Carolina 2: 377. (1823) | Aiton: Hort. Kew. 3: 216. (1789) |
Web links |