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Appalachian arrowhead, longbeak arrowhead

Habit Herbs, perennial, to 130 cm; rhizomes absent; stolons present; corms present.
Leaves

emersed;

petiole 5-winged, 19–85 cm;

blade sagittate, 3–19 × 2.5–11 cm, basal lobes ± equal to remainder of blade.

Inflorescences

racemes, of 5–12 whorls, emersed, 10–29 × 3–5 cm;

peduncles 25–105 cm;

bracts distinct or if connate, then less than ¼ total length, lanceolate, 7–30 mm, papery, not papillose; fruiting pedicels spreading to ascending, cylindric, 0.3–2.3 cm.

Flowers

to 3 cm diam.;

sepals recurved to spreading, not enclosing flower or fruiting head;

filaments cylindric, longer than anthers, glabrous; pistillate pedicellate, without ring of sterile stamens.

Fruiting

heads 1–2.2 cm diam.;

achenes obovoid, without abaxial keel, 2.1–3.2 × 1.4–2.3 mm, beaked;

faces not tuberculate, wings 0–2, ± entire, glands absent;

beak lateral, strongly recurved, 4–17 mm.

2n

= 22.

Sagittaria australis

Phenology Flowering summer–early fall (Jul–Oct).
Habitat Slightly basic to slightly acidic ponds, lakes, and swamps
Elevation 1–300 m (0–1000 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AL; AR; FL; GA; IA; IL; IN; KY; LA; MD; MO; MS; NC; NJ; NY; OH; PA; SC; TN; VA; WV
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Discussion

The name Sagittaria longirostra (Micheli) J. G. Smith has been misapplied to S. australis (J. G. Smith) Small (E. O. Beal et al. 1980).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 22.
Parent taxa Alismataceae > Sagittaria
Sibling taxa
S. ambigua, S. brevirostra, S. cristata, S. cuneata, S. demersa, S. engelmanniana, S. fasciculata, S. filiformis, S. graminea, S. guayanensis, S. isoetiformis, S. kurziana, S. lancifolia, S. latifolia, S. longiloba, S. montevidensis, S. papillosa, S. platyphylla, S. rigida, S. sanfordii, S. secundifolia, S. subulata, S. teres
Synonyms S. longirostra var. australis, S. engelmanniana subsp. longirostra
Name authority (J. G. Smith) Small: Flora of the Southeastern United States 45. (1903)
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