The green links below add additional plants to the comparison table. Blue links lead to other Web sites.
enable glossary links

Appalachian arrowhead, longbeak arrowhead

quill-leaf arrowhead, quill-leaf sagittaria, slender arrowhead

Habit Herbs, perennial, to 130 cm; rhizomes absent; stolons present; corms present. Herbs, perennial, to 80 cm; rhizomes absent; stolons present; corms present.
Leaves

emersed;

petiole 5-winged, 19–85 cm;

blade sagittate, 3–19 × 2.5–11 cm, basal lobes ± equal to remainder of blade.

emersed or submersed, sessile, phyllodial, nearly terete; emersed, to 60 × 0.15–0.7 cm; submersed, 3.5–18.5 × 0.15–0.4 cm.

Inflorescences

racemes, of 5–12 whorls, emersed, 10–29 × 3–5 cm;

peduncles 25–105 cm;

bracts distinct or if connate, then less than ¼ total length, lanceolate, 7–30 mm, papery, not papillose; fruiting pedicels spreading to ascending, cylindric, 0.3–2.3 cm.

racemes, of 1–4 whorls, emersed, 2.5–4 × 2.5–6 cm;

peduncles 10–80 cm;

bracts connate more than or equal to total length, subulate, 2–3 mm, delicate, not papillose; fruiting pedicels obliquely ascending, filiform, 1 cm.

Flowers

to 3 cm diam.;

sepals recurved to spreading, not enclosing flower or fruiting head;

filaments cylindric, longer than anthers, glabrous; pistillate pedicellate, without ring of sterile stamens.

to 1.5 cm diam.;

sepals recurved, not enclosing flower;

filaments dilated, ± equaling anthers, pubescent; pistillate pedicellate, without ring of sterile stamens.

Fruiting

heads 1–2.2 cm diam.;

achenes obovoid, without abaxial keel, 2.1–3.2 × 1.4–2.3 mm, beaked;

faces not tuberculate, wings 0–2, ± entire, glands absent;

beak lateral, strongly recurved, 4–17 mm.

heads 0.6–1 cm diam.;

achenes obovoid-cuneate, abaxially keeled, 2–3 × 1.2–1.5 mm, beaked;

faces not tuberculate, wings absent, glands 1–2;

beak erect to horizontal, 0.3–0.4 mm.

2n

= 22.

= 22.

Sagittaria australis

Sagittaria teres

Phenology Flowering summer–early fall (Jul–Oct). Flowering summer (Jul–Sep).
Habitat Slightly basic to slightly acidic ponds, lakes, and swamps Sandy pond shores and swamps of acid waters, mainly along Atlantic Coastal Plain
Elevation 1–300 m (0–1000 ft) 0–100 m (0–300 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AL; AR; FL; GA; IA; IL; IN; KY; LA; MD; MO; MS; NC; NJ; NY; OH; PA; SC; TN; VA; WV
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
MA; NJ; NY; RI
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

The name Sagittaria longirostra (Micheli) J. G. Smith has been misapplied to S. australis (J. G. Smith) Small (E. O. Beal et al. 1980).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 22. FNA vol. 22.
Parent taxa Alismataceae > Sagittaria Alismataceae > Sagittaria
Sibling taxa
S. ambigua, S. brevirostra, S. cristata, S. cuneata, S. demersa, S. engelmanniana, S. fasciculata, S. filiformis, S. graminea, S. guayanensis, S. isoetiformis, S. kurziana, S. lancifolia, S. latifolia, S. longiloba, S. montevidensis, S. papillosa, S. platyphylla, S. rigida, S. sanfordii, S. secundifolia, S. subulata, S. teres
S. ambigua, S. australis, S. brevirostra, S. cristata, S. cuneata, S. demersa, S. engelmanniana, S. fasciculata, S. filiformis, S. graminea, S. guayanensis, S. isoetiformis, S. kurziana, S. lancifolia, S. latifolia, S. longiloba, S. montevidensis, S. papillosa, S. platyphylla, S. rigida, S. sanfordii, S. secundifolia, S. subulata
Synonyms S. longirostra var. australis, S. engelmanniana subsp. longirostra
Name authority (J. G. Smith) Small: Flora of the Southeastern United States 45. (1903) S. Watson: in A. Gray et al., Manual of Botany of the Northern United States (ed. 6) 555. (1890)
Web links