Sagittaria australis |
Sagittaria filiformis |
|
---|---|---|
Appalachian arrowhead, longbeak arrowhead |
narrow-leaf arrowhead, threadleaf arrowhead |
|
Habit | Herbs, perennial, to 130 cm; rhizomes absent; stolons present; corms present. | Herbs, perennial, to 170 cm, mostly of fresh waters, some plants stranded along shore; rhizomes absent; stolons present; corms present. |
Leaves | emersed; petiole 5-winged, 19–85 cm; blade sagittate, 3–19 × 2.5–11 cm, basal lobes ± equal to remainder of blade. |
submersed or floating, rarely emersed; submersed phyllodial, flattened, 30–250 × 0.1–1.5 cm; floating with petiole flattened, to 40 cm, blade linear-ovate to ovate, rarely sagittate, to 3.5 × 0.5 cm; emersed with petiole 5–10 cm, blade linear-ovate to ovate, rarely hastate to sagittate, to 4 × 0.5 cm; stranded plants usually with expanded leaf blades. |
Inflorescences | racemes, of 5–12 whorls, emersed, 10–29 × 3–5 cm; peduncles 25–105 cm; bracts distinct or if connate, then less than ¼ total length, lanceolate, 7–30 mm, papery, not papillose; fruiting pedicels spreading to ascending, cylindric, 0.3–2.3 cm. |
racemes, rarely panicles, of 4–10 whorls, floating to slightly emersed, 15–25 × 5–15 cm; peduncles 10–200 cm; bracts connate more than ¼ total length, lanceolate, 110 mm, delicate, not papillose; fruiting pedicels spreading to recurved, cylindric, 1.5–4.5 cm. |
Flowers | to 3 cm diam.; sepals recurved to spreading, not enclosing flower or fruiting head; filaments cylindric, longer than anthers, glabrous; pistillate pedicellate, without ring of sterile stamens. |
to 3 cm diam.; sepals spreading in staminate, erect in pistillate, enclosing flower or fruiting head; filaments dilated, ± equaling anthers, glabrous; pistillate pedicellate, without ring of sterile stamens. |
Fruiting | heads 1–2.2 cm diam.; achenes obovoid, without abaxial keel, 2.1–3.2 × 1.4–2.3 mm, beaked; faces not tuberculate, wings 0–2, ± entire, glands absent; beak lateral, strongly recurved, 4–17 mm. |
heads 0.7–1 cm diam.; achenes obovoid, abaxially keeled, 5 × 2.5 mm, beaked; faces not tuberculate, wings 0–3, ± entire, glands 0–1; beak lateral, erect, 1 mm. |
2n | = 22. |
= 22. |
Sagittaria australis |
Sagittaria filiformis |
|
Phenology | Flowering summer–early fall (Jul–Oct). | Flowering summer–fall. |
Habitat | Slightly basic to slightly acidic ponds, lakes, and swamps | Shallow, swift waters or deep streams in northern portion of range, ponds, lakes, drainage canals, and swamps in southern portion of range |
Elevation | 1–300 m (0–1000 ft) | 0–100 m (0–300 ft) |
Distribution |
AL; AR; FL; GA; IA; IL; IN; KY; LA; MD; MO; MS; NC; NJ; NY; OH; PA; SC; TN; VA; WV
|
AL; CT; FL; GA; MA; ME; NC; NJ; NY; PA; RI; SC; VA
|
Discussion | The name Sagittaria longirostra (Micheli) J. G. Smith has been misapplied to S. australis (J. G. Smith) Small (E. O. Beal et al. 1980). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
|
Source | FNA vol. 22. | FNA vol. 22. |
Parent taxa | Alismataceae > Sagittaria | Alismataceae > Sagittaria |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | S. longirostra var. australis, S. engelmanniana subsp. longirostra | S. stagnorum, S. subulata var. gracillima |
Name authority | (J. G. Smith) Small: Flora of the Southeastern United States 45. (1903) | J. G. Smith: N. Amer. Sagittaria. 20, plate 15, figs. 5–8. (1894) |
Web links |