Orthotrichum laevigatum |
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orthotrichum moss |
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Habit | Plants (0.5–)2(–4.3) cm, light green to olive green. |
Stem | leaves stiff, erect-appressed, slightly secund when dry, oblong-lanceolate, lanceolate, or ovate-lanceolate, 2–4.3 mm; margins revolute from base to near apex, entire; apex obtuse, bluntly or narrowly acute, or gradually acuminate; basal laminal cells rectangular to elongate, grading to elliptic-quadrate, walls thick, nodose; distal cells 8–12 µm, 1-stratose, papillae 1–3 per cell, conic or 2-fid, low. |
Seta | 1.5–4 mm. |
Sexual condition | gonioautoicous. |
Capsule | fully exserted, cylindric, 1.4–2.6 mm, smooth or sometimes slightly plicate distally; exothecial cells homogeneous; stomata superficial; peristome double; prostome absent or rudimentary; exostome teeth 16, erect, papillose; endostome segments 8, occasionally rudimentary, usually absent in open capsules, of 1 row of cells, smooth. |
Calyptra | conic-oblong, smooth, sparsely hairy, hairs finely papillose. |
Spores | 10–15 µm. |
Specialized | asexual reproduction absent. |
Orthotrichum laevigatum |
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Habitat | Non-calcareous boulders in mesic, open coniferous forests, base of deciduous trees |
Elevation | moderate to high elevations (500-3000 m) (moderate to high elevations (1600-9800 ft)) |
Distribution |
AK; AZ; CA; CO; ID; MT; NV; OR; SD; UT; WA; WY; AB; BC; MB; NT; SK; YT; Europe; e Asia (Japan)
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Discussion | Orthotrichum laevigatum is part of a complex group of intergrading taxa that generally are characterized by exserted, cylindric capsules with 16 erect or reflexed exostome teeth and a poorly developed endostome. Gametophytically, robust plants have stiff, erect leaves and large, blunt papillae. This complex is treated here as three species: O. holzingeri, a distinct, highly specialized species of seasonally wet rock with smooth exostome teeth, smooth laminal cells, smooth calyptra, and slightly ribbed capsule as distinguishing features; O. laevigatum, distinguished by smooth capsule and erect, papillose exostome teeth; and O. pylaisii, distinguished by slightly 8-ribbed capsule and reflexed-recurved exostome teeth. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 28, p. 57. |
Parent taxa | Orthotrichaceae > Orthotrichum |
Sibling taxa | |
Synonyms | O. hainesiae, O. kingianum, O. laevigatum var. kingianum, O. lonchothecium, O. macounii, O. macounii var. lonchothecium, O. raui, O. roellii, O. roellii subsp. schlotthaueri, O. roellii subsp. stenocarpum, O. schlotthaueri, O. speciosum var. brevicaule, O. speciosum var. hainesiae, O. speciosum subsp. laevigatum, O. speciosum var. polyanthum, O. speciosum var. polycarpum, O. speciosum var. raui |
Name authority | J. E. Zetterstedt: Öfvers. Kongl. Vetensk.-Akad. Förh. 19: 363. (1862) |
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