Orthotrichum laevigatum |
Orthotrichum ohioense |
|
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orthotrichum moss |
Ohio orthotrichum moss |
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Habit | Plants (0.5–)2(–4.3) cm, light green to olive green. | Plants 0.4–1.4 cm. |
Stem | leaves stiff, erect-appressed, slightly secund when dry, oblong-lanceolate, lanceolate, or ovate-lanceolate, 2–4.3 mm; margins revolute from base to near apex, entire; apex obtuse, bluntly or narrowly acute, or gradually acuminate; basal laminal cells rectangular to elongate, grading to elliptic-quadrate, walls thick, nodose; distal cells 8–12 µm, 1-stratose, papillae 1–3 per cell, conic or 2-fid, low. |
leaves stiff, loosely erect-appressed when dry, narrowly lanceolate to oblong-lanceolate, 1.4–2.9 mm; margins strongly revolute to just before apex, entire; apex obtuse to bluntly acute, not incurved when dry; basal laminal cells subquadrate to short-rectangular, walls thin, not nodose; distal cells 8–10 µm, 1-stratose, lumina irregular due to uneven wall thickenings, papillae 1–2 per cell, conic, low. |
Seta | 1.5–4 mm. |
to 1 mm. |
Sexual condition | gonioautoicous. |
gonioautoicous. |
Capsule | fully exserted, cylindric, 1.4–2.6 mm, smooth or sometimes slightly plicate distally; exothecial cells homogeneous; stomata superficial; peristome double; prostome absent or rudimentary; exostome teeth 16, erect, papillose; endostome segments 8, occasionally rudimentary, usually absent in open capsules, of 1 row of cells, smooth. |
emergent, oblong to ovate, 1–1.5 mm, 8-ribbed almost to base, ribs thin, delicate, not constricted below mouth; stomata immersed, mid capsule, 1/2 to completely covered by subsidiary cells, cells projecting vertically over stomata, inner walls thickened; peristome double; prostome absent; exostome teeth 8, splitting to 16 with age, reflexed, finely and densely papillose; endostome often absent, or segments 8, well developed, of 1 row of cells, smooth. |
Calyptra | conic-oblong, smooth, sparsely hairy, hairs finely papillose. |
oblong, smooth, naked or slightly hairy, hairs smooth. |
Spores | 10–15 µm. |
15–19 µm. |
Specialized | asexual reproduction absent. |
asexual reproduction absent. |
Vaginula | with hairs absent. |
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Orthotrichum laevigatum |
Orthotrichum ohioense |
|
Habitat | Non-calcareous boulders in mesic, open coniferous forests, base of deciduous trees | Deciduous trees in mesic hardwood forests, along streams |
Elevation | moderate to high elevations (500-3000 m) (moderate to high elevations (1600-9800 ft)) | low to moderate elevations (100-1000 m) (low to moderate elevations (300-3300 ft)) |
Distribution |
AK; AZ; CA; CO; ID; MT; NV; OR; SD; UT; WA; WY; AB; BC; MB; NT; SK; YT; Europe; e Asia (Japan)
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AL; AR; CT; DC; DE; FL; GA; IL; IN; KY; MA; MD; ME; MI; MO; MS; NC; NH; NJ; NY; OH; OK; PA; SC; TN; VA; VT; WV; NB; NS; ON; QC
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Discussion | Orthotrichum laevigatum is part of a complex group of intergrading taxa that generally are characterized by exserted, cylindric capsules with 16 erect or reflexed exostome teeth and a poorly developed endostome. Gametophytically, robust plants have stiff, erect leaves and large, blunt papillae. This complex is treated here as three species: O. holzingeri, a distinct, highly specialized species of seasonally wet rock with smooth exostome teeth, smooth laminal cells, smooth calyptra, and slightly ribbed capsule as distinguishing features; O. laevigatum, distinguished by smooth capsule and erect, papillose exostome teeth; and O. pylaisii, distinguished by slightly 8-ribbed capsule and reflexed-recurved exostome teeth. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Orthotrichum ohioense is distinguished by the 16 exostome teeth, eight rudimentary endostome segments, slightly 8-ribbed ovate capsules, leaves that are lanceolate and bluntly acute at the apices, and laminal cells smaller than 10 µm. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 28, p. 57. | FNA vol. 28, p. 60. |
Parent taxa | Orthotrichaceae > Orthotrichum | Orthotrichaceae > Orthotrichum |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | O. hainesiae, O. kingianum, O. laevigatum var. kingianum, O. lonchothecium, O. macounii, O. macounii var. lonchothecium, O. raui, O. roellii, O. roellii subsp. schlotthaueri, O. roellii subsp. stenocarpum, O. schlotthaueri, O. speciosum var. brevicaule, O. speciosum var. hainesiae, O. speciosum subsp. laevigatum, O. speciosum var. polyanthum, O. speciosum var. polycarpum, O. speciosum var. raui | O. citrinum, O. ohioense var. citrinum |
Name authority | J. E. Zetterstedt: Öfvers. Kongl. Vetensk.-Akad. Förh. 19: 363. (1862) | Sullivant & Lesquereux: in C. F. Austin, Musci Appalach., 169. (1870) |
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