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wand riverhemp

Habit Shrubs or trees, to 4 m. Stems glabrous or pilose, hairs persistent, close-pressed, golden or clear in age, developing leaves and young stems with same pubescence of simple hairs; pith solid or spongy.
Leaves

13–25+ cm;

stipules 0.3–0.4 cm, with conspicuous inner fold throughout, hairs dense, close-pressed, inner fold and base with stipitate, multicellular glands;

pulvinus slightly more than 1/2 as long as petiole;

rachis ± sericeous, without stipitate glands, obscure gland(s) present at petiolule base;

stipels reduced in size between successive leaflets, long-filamentous glandular;

leaflets 28–36+, blades elliptic-ovate to oblong, base acute, apex obtuse to acute, surfaces silky sericeous abaxially, usually glabrous adaxially.

Inflorescences

5–15+-flowered, racemes.

Peduncles

(0.6–)1.7–2.1(–4.1) cm.

Flowers

(0.7–)0.9–1(–1.3) cm;

calyx ± zygomorphic, lobes 5, short-acuminate, rim of tube villose, stalked glands between abaxial lobes absent in fruit;

corolla yellow, banner venation sometimes darker;

banner ovate, base cordate-truncate, apex emarginate, becoming strongly reflexed and contorted, calluses as relatively small, acute teeth at claw base, thickened, knoblike at base of blade/top of claw;

wings without basal tooth;

keel ± same color throughout, apex acute, curved strongly inward, without basal tooth;

stamens incurved within keel;

style recurved;

ovules 4–6.

Legumes

red- to gray-brown, without horizontal mottling in age, 4-angled, square in cross section, straight or slightly falcate, (0.8–)4.4–5.5(–6.5) × (0.7–)0.8(–0.9) cm, thick, woody, seed chambers apparent in young fruits becoming obscure at maturity, margins of young fruits with shallow thin ridges resembling early wings of S. punicea or S. drummondii, ridges becoming thickened and rounded at maturity, beak short-pyramidal, (0.2–)0.4–0.7(–1.3) cm, indehiscent;

stipe (0.4–)0.5–0.6(–0.9) cm.

Seeds

(1–)4 or 5(or 6), reddish brown to gray, without mottling, reniform-orbicular.

2n

= 12.

Sesbania virgata

Phenology Flowering early summer–early fall.
Habitat Wet areas, ripar­ian, wetlands, coastal, disturbed sites.
Elevation 0–20 m. (0–100 ft.)
Distribution
from FNA
FL; MS; South America [Introduced also in se Mexico (Veracruz), West Indies, Central America]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Sesbania virgata is native to northern Argentina and southern Paraguay and has been introduced to numerous port cities in the Americas. In the flora area, it is known from the Pensacola, Florida, region and from several populations along the coastline southeastward to Hillsborough and Pinellas counties and westward to Harrison County, Mississippi. The most distinguishing characteristic of the species is the quadrangular pod.

Sesbania affinis De Wildeman (1904) is a later homonym (not Schrader ex de Candolle 1825) that pertains here.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 11.
Parent taxa Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Sesbania
Sibling taxa
S. drummondii, S. grandiflora, S. herbacea, S. punicea, S. sericea, S. vesicaria
Synonyms Aeschynomene virgata, Agati virgata, Coursetia virgata, Emerus marginatus, S. marginata, S. tetragona
Name authority (Cavanilles) Poiret in J. Lamarck et al.: Encycl. 7: 129. (1806) — (as Sesban)
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