Orthotrichum alpestre |
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orthotrichum moss |
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Habit | Plants 0.5–2.3 cm. |
Stem | leaves loosely erect-appressed and ± loosely twisted when dry, elongate- to ovate-lanceolate, 2–3.5 mm; margins revolute to below apex, entire; apex sharply acute, sometimes acuminate, cuspidate, or apiculate; basal laminal cells long-rectangular to rectangular, walls thin, sometimes nodose at insertion; distal cells 9–14 µm, 1-stratose, papillae 2 or 3 per cell, conic or 2-fid, large. |
Seta | to 1.4 mm. |
Sexual condition | gonioautoicous. |
Capsule | 1/2–3/4 emergent, sometimes almost exserted, oblong-ovate when mature, oblong to short-cylindric when old and dry, to 1.4 mm, strongly 8-ribbed 2/3 to entire length, constricted below mouth when dry; stomata immersed, 1/2 covered by subsidiary cells, cells projecting, inner walls thickened; peristome double; prostome absent; exostome teeth 8, reflexed, densely and evenly papillose, striate-reticulate distally; endostome segments 8 or 16, well developed, of 1 or 2 rows of cells, smooth or finely roughened. |
Calyptra | oblong, smooth, ± hairy, hairs strongly papillose. |
Spores | 10–15 µm. |
Specialized | asexual reproduction on leaves. |
Orthotrichum alpestre |
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Habitat | Rock, trees, base of trees, moist crevices of large boulders, moist pine and deciduous forests |
Elevation | high elevations (2100-3000 m) (high elevations (6900-9800 ft)) |
Distribution |
AZ; CA; CO; ID; MI; MT; NM; NV; OR; SD; UT; WA; WY; AB; BC; NL; ON; YT; Asia; Greenland; Europe; Pacific Islands (New Zealand)
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Discussion | Orthotrichum alpestre is distinguished by the highly papillose distal laminal cells; slightly twisted, sharply pointed leaves; calyptra with papillose hairs; absence of prostome; and papillose or papillose-reticulate exostome. The endostome is always present in mature capsules and, because of enlarged cross walls, has a shiny appearance. The capsule is usually oblong and strangulate, although the shape depends on age. In some specimens, the capsule is short-cylindric and not much constricted below the mouth. The stomata are found just below mid capsule. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 28, p. 50. |
Parent taxa | Orthotrichaceae > Orthotrichum |
Sibling taxa | |
Synonyms | O. alpestre var. majus, O. alpestre var. watsonii, O. occidentale, O. watsonii |
Name authority | Hornschuch ex Bruch & Schimper: Bryol. Europ. 3: 75, plate 213. (1849) |
Web links |