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annual nettle, annual stinging nettle, burning nettle, dog nettle, dwarf nettle, small nettle

heartleaf nettle, slim stingingnettle

Habit Herbs, annual, with taproot, 1-8 dm. Herbs, annual, with taproot, 1.5-8 dm.
Stems

simple or branched, erect.

usually branched from base, erect or reclining.

Leaf

blades elliptic to broadly elliptic, widest near middle, 1.8-9 × 1.2-4.5 cm, base cuneate, margins coarsely serrate, serrations often with lateral lobes, apex acute;

cystoliths rounded.

blades narrowly ovate to orbiculate, distal blades sometimes lanceolate, 2-8 × 1-6 cm, base nearly cordate to rounded, sometimes cuneate in distal leaves, margins serrate, apex rounded to acute;

cystoliths rounded or ± elongate.

Inflorescences

spikelike or paniculate.

± globose cymes.

Flowers

unisexual, staminate and pistillate in same inflorescence, subsessile to short-pedunculate.

unisexual, staminate and pistillate intermixed in same inflorescence, sessile to short-pedunculate.

Pistillate flowers

outer tepals ovate, 0.5-0.7 mm, inner tepals broadly ovate, 0.6-0.9 × 1.2-1.4 mm.

outer tepals linear, 0.4-0.8 mm, inner tepals ovate, 1.4-2 × 1-1.4 mm.

Achenes

ovoid, 1.5-1.8 × 1.1-1.3 mm.

ovoid to broadly ellipsoid, 1.2-1.4(-1.6) × 0.8-1 mm.

2n

= 24, 26.

= 26.

Urtica urens

Urtica chamaedryoides

Phenology Flowering spring–summer. Flowering all year except early winter.
Habitat Waste places, roadsides, pastures, barnyards, cultivated fields, rich woodlands Rich, wooded slopes, bluffs, stream banks, swamps, waste places, and fields, often on limestone or nearly neutral soils
Elevation 0-700 m (0-2300 ft) 0-600 m (0-2000 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AK; AL; AZ; CA; CT; FL; IA; IL; MA; ME; MI; MO; NH; NM; NV; NY; OK; OR; PA; RI; SC; TX; VT; WA; AB; BC; MB; NB; NF; NS; ON; PE; QC; SK; YT; SPM; Greenland; Eurasia [Introduced in North America]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AL; AR; FL; GA; IL; KS; KY; LA; MO; MS; NC; OH; OK; SC; TN; TX; n Mexico
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Within the flora, Urtica urens is most abundant in California and in eastern Canada. The Shuswap used it medicinally for sweatbaths and for pain from rheumatism (D. E. Moerman 1986).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 3. FNA vol. 3.
Parent taxa Urticaceae > Urtica Urticaceae > Urtica
Sibling taxa
U. chamaedryoides, U. dioica, U. gracilenta
U. dioica, U. gracilenta, U. urens
Synonyms U. chamaedryoides var. runyonii
Name authority Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 984. (1753) Pursh: Fl. Amer. Sept. 1: 113. (1814)
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