Ulmus pumila
Asiatic elm, dwarf elm, Siberian elm
gray to brown, deeply furrowed with interlacing ridges.
not winged;
twigs gray-brown, pubescent.
dark brown, ovoid, glabrous;
scales light brown, shiny, glabrous to slightly pubescent.
blade narrowly elliptic to lanceolate, 2-6.5 × 2-3.5 cm, base generally not oblique, margins singly serrate, apex acute;
surfaces abaxially with some pubescence in axils of veins, adaxially glabrous;
lateral veins forking to 3 times per side.
tightly clustered fascicles, 6-15-flowered, 0.5 cm, flowers and fruits not pendulous, sessile.
calyx shallowly lobed, lobes 4-5, glabrous;
stamens 4-8;
anthers brownish red;
stigmas green, lobes exserted.
thickened, not inflated.
brittle.
yellow-cream, orbiculate, 10-14 mm diam., broadly winged, glabrous, tip notched 1/3-1/2 its length.
= 28.
Ulmus pumila
Ulmus pumila probably occurs in Vermont and West Virginia, but it has not been documented for those states.
Planted for quick-growing windbreaks, Ulmus pumila has weak wood, and its branches break easily in mature trees. It is easily distinguished from other North American elms by its singly serrate leaf margins. Ulmus pumila is similar to U. parvifolia Jacquin with its small, singly serrate leaves. Ulmus parvifolia, however, has smooth bark that sheds from tan to orange, and it flowers and sets fruit in the fall.
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
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