Thelypodiopsis
Thelypodiopsis aurea
tumblemustard
Durango tumblemustard
(simple or few to several from base), erect [ascending, decumbent], branched basally and/or distally, (glabrous or pubescent).
branched basally and distally, (1.4–)2–5(–6) dm, (glabrous or sparsely pubescent basally).
basal and cauline;
petiolate or sessile;
basal (soon caducous), rosulate or not, petiolate, blade margins entire or dentate;
cauline sessile, blade (base auriculate, sagittate, or amplexicaul), margins entire or dentate.
rosulate;
petiole 0.5–4 cm;
blade oblanceolate, 2–7 cm × 5–22 mm, margins irregularly dentate.
sessile;
blade lanceolate to oblong, (smaller distally), base auriculate, margins entire, (surfaces glabrous).
(corymbose, dense or lax), considerably [slightly] elongated in fruit.
dense.
sepals (equal), usually erect, sometimes ascending or spreading, rarely reflexed, oblong, lateral pair not saccate basally;
petals (erect basally), usually white, lavender, or purple, rarely yellow, oblanceolate, oblong, spatulate, or obovate, (margins rarely crisped), claws differentiated or not from blade, (apex rounded);
stamens tetradynamous, (exserted);
filaments distinct;
anthers usually linear, sometimes ovate or oblong (apically coiled);
nectar glands confluent, subtending bases of stamens.
sepals spreading to reflexed, yellow, 5–7.5(–8.5) × 1.7–2.5 mm;
petals yellow, spatulate to broadly oblong, 7–11(–13) × 2–3.5 mm, claw 5–7 mm (to 2 mm wide);
median filament pairs 5–6.5 mm;
anthers linear, 3–4 mm;
gynophore (slender), 2–6(–8) mm.
erect to ascending or divaricate, slender.
divaricate-ascending, straight, (5–)6.6–13(–15) mm.
stipitate, linear, torulose or smooth, terete;
valves each with prominent midvein, usually glabrous, rarely pilose;
replum rounded;
septum complete;
ovules 20–114 per ovary;
style distinct, (cylindrical or subclavate to clavate);
stigma capitate, usually strongly 2-lobed, rarely entire, (lobes opposite replum).
erect to divaricate-ascending, straight or slightly curved, torulose, 5–7.5(–9) cm × 1.2–1.7 mm;
ovules 72–98 per ovary;
style subclavate, 0.5–2 mm;
stigma 2-lobed.
uniseriate, plump, not winged, oblong;
seed coat (minutely reticulate), not mucilaginous when wetted;
cotyledons incumbent or obliquely so.
1.2–1.5 × 0.6–0.8 mm.
= 10, 11.
= 22.
Thelypodiopsis
Thelypodiopsis aurea
Species 10 (9 in the flora).
As recognized by R. C. Rollins (1982b, 1993), Thelypodiopsis was artificially delimited, and no single characteristic or combination of characteristics reliably distinguished it from related genera. Rollins’s circumscription was so broad that it included species of Dryopetalon and Romanschulzia O. E. Schulz.
Of the nine species of Thelypodiopsis that occur in the flora area, three (T. purpusii, T. shinnersii, and T. vaseyi) are quite anomalous and, together with the Mexican T. versicolor (Brandegee) Rollins (Coahuila, San Luis Potosí), eventually may be excluded from the genus. Unlike the other six species, these three have entire or obscurely (versus prominently) 2-lobed stigmas, oblong or ovate anthers 0.5–1 mm (versus linear and 2.5–4 mm), and petal claws obscurely (versus strongly) differentiated from blades. They are here retained in the genus only tentatively and currently are being subjected to detailed molecular and morphological studies, along with Mexican, Central American, and South American taxa.
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
Thelypodiopsis aurea is restricted to the Four Corners area and is known only from Montezuma County in Colorado, Sandoval and San Juan counties in New Mexico, and San Juan County in Utah.
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
1. Anthers ovate or ovate-oblong, 0.5-1 mm; stigmas entire or obscurely 2-lobed; petal claws 0-3 mm | → 2 |
1. Anthers linear, 2.5-4 mm; stigmas 2-lobed; petal claws 3.5-8 mm | → 4 |
2. Cauline leaf blades: proximalmost with pinnatifid to sinuate-dentate margins, distal ones with subamplexicaul or auriculate bases. | T. purpusii |
2. Cauline leaf blades: proximalmost usually with entire or repand margins, rarely denticulate, distal ones with auriculate bases | → 3 |
3. Proximalmost cauline leaf blades pandurate to broadly obovate; sepals erect; fruits 3.2-7.5 cm; ovules 60-102 per ovary. | T. shinnersii |
3. Proximalmost cauline leaf blades oblong to lanceolate or oblanceolate; sepals spreading; fruits 1.5-2.5 cm; ovules 20-32 per ovary. | T. vaseyi |
4. Gynophores slender, 2-6(-9.5) mm | → 5 |
4. Gynophores stout, 0.2-1.5 mm | → 7 |
5. Sepals yellow, spreading to reflexed; petals yellow. | T. aurea |
5. Sepals purple, erect; petals usually purple or lavender, rarely white | → 6 |
6. Stems glabrous basally; petals 10-14 mm; fruiting pedicels 6-9 mm; styles stout, 0.3-1 mm. | T. ambigua |
6. Stems pilose basally; petals 14-17 mm; fruiting pedicels 7-20 mm; styles slender, 2-3 mm. | T. juniperorum |
7. Sepals yellowish; petals yellow, 1-1.7 mm wide, margins crisped. | T. divaricata |
7. Sepals purplish, lavender, greenish, or white; petals purple, lavender, or white, 3-5 mm wide, margins not crisped | → 8 |
8. Proximal portions of stems and abaxial leaf surfaces often pilose; fruits not tortuous; styles often clavate. | T. elegans |
8. Proximal portions of stems and abaxial leaf surfaces usually glabrous, rarely sparsely pubescent; fruits tortuous; styles cylindrical. | T. vermicularis |
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