Flora of North America species comparison

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Thelypodiopsis

tumblemustard
Habit Annuals, biennials, or, rarely, perennials; not scapose; glabrous or pubescent.
Stems

(simple or few to several from base), erect [ascending, decumbent], branched basally and/or distally, (glabrous or pubescent).
Leaves

basal and cauline;

petiolate or sessile;

basal (soon caducous), rosulate or not, petiolate, blade margins entire or dentate;

cauline sessile, blade (base auriculate, sagittate, or amplexicaul), margins entire or dentate.
Racemes

(corymbose, dense or lax), considerably [slightly] elongated in fruit.
Flowers

sepals (equal), usually erect, sometimes ascending or spreading, rarely reflexed, oblong, lateral pair not saccate basally;

petals (erect basally), usually white, lavender, or purple, rarely yellow, oblanceolate, oblong, spatulate, or obovate, (margins rarely crisped), claws differentiated or not from blade, (apex rounded);

stamens tetradynamous, (exserted);

filaments distinct;

anthers usually linear, sometimes ovate or oblong (apically coiled);

nectar glands confluent, subtending bases of stamens.
Fruiting pedicels

erect to ascending or divaricate, slender.
Fruits

stipitate, linear, torulose or smooth, terete;

valves each with prominent midvein, usually glabrous, rarely pilose;

replum rounded;

septum complete;

ovules 20–114 per ovary;

style distinct, (cylindrical or subclavate to clavate);

stigma capitate, usually strongly 2-lobed, rarely entire, (lobes opposite replum).
Seeds

uniseriate, plump, not winged, oblong;

seed coat (minutely reticulate), not mucilaginous when wetted;

cotyledons incumbent or obliquely so.
x

= 10, 11.

Thelypodiopsis
Distribution
from USDA
w United States; n Mexico
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Species 10 (9 in the flora).

As recognized by R. C. Rollins (1982b, 1993), Thelypodiopsis was artificially delimited, and no single characteristic or combination of characteristics reliably distinguished it from related genera. Rollins’s circumscription was so broad that it included species of Dryopetalon and Romanschulzia O. E. Schulz.

Of the nine species of Thelypodiopsis that occur in the flora area, three (T. purpusii, T. shinnersii, and T. vaseyi) are quite anomalous and, together with the Mexican T. versicolor (Brandegee) Rollins (Coahuila, San Luis Potosí), eventually may be excluded from the genus. Unlike the other six species, these three have entire or obscurely (versus prominently) 2-lobed stigmas, oblong or ovate anthers 0.5–1 mm (versus linear and 2.5–4 mm), and petal claws obscurely (versus strongly) differentiated from blades. They are here retained in the genus only tentatively and currently are being subjected to detailed molecular and morphological studies, along with Mexican, Central American, and South American taxa.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
Key
1. Anthers ovate or ovate-oblong, 0.5-1 mm; stigmas entire or obscurely 2-lobed; petal claws 0-3 mm
→ 2
1. Anthers linear, 2.5-4 mm; stigmas 2-lobed; petal claws 3.5-8 mm
→ 4
2. Cauline leaf blades: proximalmost with pinnatifid to sinuate-dentate margins, distal ones with subamplexicaul or auriculate bases.
T. purpusii
2. Cauline leaf blades: proximalmost usually with entire or repand margins, rarely denticulate, distal ones with auriculate bases
→ 3
3. Proximalmost cauline leaf blades pandurate to broadly obovate; sepals erect; fruits 3.2-7.5 cm; ovules 60-102 per ovary.
T. shinnersii
3. Proximalmost cauline leaf blades oblong to lanceolate or oblanceolate; sepals spreading; fruits 1.5-2.5 cm; ovules 20-32 per ovary.
T. vaseyi
4. Gynophores slender, 2-6(-9.5) mm
→ 5
4. Gynophores stout, 0.2-1.5 mm
→ 7
5. Sepals yellow, spreading to reflexed; petals yellow.
T. aurea
5. Sepals purple, erect; petals usually purple or lavender, rarely white
→ 6
6. Stems glabrous basally; petals 10-14 mm; fruiting pedicels 6-9 mm; styles stout, 0.3-1 mm.
T. ambigua
6. Stems pilose basally; petals 14-17 mm; fruiting pedicels 7-20 mm; styles slender, 2-3 mm.
T. juniperorum
7. Sepals yellowish; petals yellow, 1-1.7 mm wide, margins crisped.
T. divaricata
7. Sepals purplish, lavender, greenish, or white; petals purple, lavender, or white, 3-5 mm wide, margins not crisped
→ 8
8. Proximal portions of stems and abaxial leaf surfaces often pilose; fruits not tortuous; styles often clavate.
T. elegans
8. Proximal portions of stems and abaxial leaf surfaces usually glabrous, rarely sparsely pubescent; fruits tortuous; styles cylindrical.
T. vermicularis
Source FNA vol. 7, p. 723. Author: Ihsan A. Al-Shehbaz.
Parent taxa Brassicaceae > tribe Thelypodieae
Subordinate taxa
T. ambigua, T. aurea, T. divaricata, T. elegans, T. juniperorum, T. purpusii, T. shinnersii, T. vaseyi, T. vermicularis
Name authority Rydberg: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 34: 432. (1907)
Web links 
Unless otherwise noted, all data comes from the online version of the Flora of North America, who have made most of their content available via a Creative Commons license (CC BY 4.0).



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