Styphnolobium |
Styphnolobium japonicum |
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necklacepod, pagoda tree |
Japanese pagoda tree, scholar tree |
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Habit | Trees or shrubs, unarmed. | Trees, to 25 m. Leaves: stipules linear, 3–4 mm; petiole 1.7–3 cm, sparsely to densely strigose, hairs antrorse, spreading, and retrorse, translucent or brown; leaflets (7–)11–17, petiolules 2–3 mm, blades usually lanceolate to ovate, sometimes elliptic, (1–)1.9–5.6(–6.7) × (0.4–)1.3–2.5(–2.7) cm, apex acute or obtuse, mucronate, surfaces moderately to densely, appressed-pubescent abaxially, moderately to densely pubescent to glabrate adaxially. | ||||
Stems | erect, glabrous or moderately pubescent, glabrescent; bark smooth, fissured, or flakey. |
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Leaves | alternate, odd-pinnate; stipules present, caducous; petiolate; leaflets (7–)11–19+, opposite proximally and alternate distally, all opposite, or all alternate, stipels present, blade margins entire, surfaces glabrous or pubescent. |
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Inflorescences | 5–100+-flowered, axillary or terminal, racemes or panicles; bracts and bracteoles present, caducous. |
terminal, panicles, axis sparsely to moderately or densely pubescent, hairs antrorse-appressed, some spreading, white, translucent, and golden brown; axis (1–)3.5–14 cm; bracts deltate-attenuate, 1–1.5 mm; bracteoles deltate-attenuate, 0.3–1 mm. |
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Pedicels | 2–3 mm, densely pubescent, hairs antrorse-appressed, white, translucent, and golden brown. |
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Flowers | papilionaceous; calyx zygomorphic, campanulate or hip-shaped, truncate, lobes 5; corolla usually white or yellow, rarely pink or purple [cream]; stamens 10, distinct; anthers basifixed, dehiscing apically; ovary sericeous; style glabrous; stigma attenuate, terminal. |
calyx 3–6 mm, sparsely sericeous, lobes acute to broadly rounded; corolla white to pale yellow, 1–1.5 cm; ovary sparsely sericeous. |
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Fruits | legumes, stipitate, straight to curved, moniliform [torulose], indehiscent, fleshy, glabrescent. |
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Legumes | 2–8[–12] × 0.4–1.1 cm; stipe 4–17 mm. |
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Seeds | 1–5(–8), black, compressed, subreniform to oblong; hilum lateral. |
1–5(–8), 6.9–8 × 4–6.2 mm. |
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x | = 14. |
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2n | = 28. |
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Styphnolobium |
Styphnolobium japonicum |
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Phenology | Flowering Jun–Sep. | |||||
Habitat | Roadsides, woodland borders, river bluffs. | |||||
Elevation | 0–900 m. (0–3000 ft.) | |||||
Distribution |
c United States; e United States; Mexico; Central America; nw South America (Colombia); Asia [Introduced elsewhere in temperate and subtropical regions] |
DC; MD; NC; OH; PA; VA; Asia (China) [Introduced in North America; introduced also in Mexico, Central America, South America, Europe, Africa, Australia] |
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Discussion | Species ca. 9 (2 in the flora). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Styphnolobium japonicum is widely cultivated for ornamental use. It contains high concentrations of rutin, which has lectinic and antihypotensive properties, and is used in traditional medicines (W. H. Lewis and M. P. F. Elvin-Lewis 2003). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 11. | FNA vol. 11. | ||||
Parent taxa | ||||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||
Synonyms | Sophora japonica, Mant. pl. | |||||
Name authority | Schott: Wiener Z. Kunst 1830(3): 844. (1830) | (Linnaeus) Schott: Wiener Z. Kunst 1830(3): 844. (1830) | ||||
Web links |