Silene antirrhina |
Silene nuda |
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silène muflier, sleepy campion, sleepy catch fly, sleepy catchfly campion, sleepy silene |
barestem campion, naked campion, sticky catchfly, western fringe catchfly |
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Habit | Plants annual; taproot slender. | Plants perennial; taproot thick; caudex erect, branched, thick and woody, producing tufts of leaves. |
Stems | erect, simple or branched, slender, to 80 cm, subglabrous to retrorsely puberulent especially proximally, distal internodes frequently glutinous. |
erect, branched distally, with 2–4 pairs of reduced leaves, 15–50 cm; flowering shoots usually subscapose, coarsely pubescent with hairs colorless, septate, and long, viscid-glandular, especially distally. |
Leaves | 2 per node; blade with margins ciliate toward base, apex acute to obtuse; basal blades oblanceolate, spatulate; cauline narrowly oblanceolate to linear, 1–9 cm × 2–15 mm, scabrous or puberulent, rarely glabrous on both surfaces. |
mostly basal; basal long-petiolate, blade oblanceolate to elliptic, 6–15 cm × 10–30 mm, narrowed to base, not fleshy; cauline few, sessile, reduced distally, blade lanceolate, 0.8–4 cm × 3–8 mm, not fleshy. |
Inflorescences | cymose, open, branches usually ascending, several- to many-flowered, 1-flowered in depauperate specimens. |
thyrsate, subscapose, rarely simple, (3–)5–12(rarely more)-flowered, open, bracteate, bracteolate, densely pubescent, glandular, viscid; alternate branches often suppressed or developing unevenly; proximal nodes often with single flower; bracts and bracteoles resembling stem leaves but much reduced. |
Pedicels | 1/4–2 times length of calyx. |
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Flowers | mature calyx prominently 10-veined, campanulate to ovate, 5–9 × 3–5 mm, margins dentate, glabrous, veins parallel, with pale commissures; lobes usually purple, triangular, acute, ca. 1 mm; petals white, often suffused with dark red, rarely wholly dark red, limb ovate, usually 2-lobed, ca. 2.5 mm, slightly longer than calyx, rarely petals absent, claw narrow, appendages 0.1–0.4 mm; stamens included; styles 3; stigmas included. |
calyx prominently 10-veined, veins parallel, those of lobes broadened distally, tubular in flower, 10–13 × 2.5–4 mm, campanulate-ovate in fruit, broadest near middle and contracted towards mouth, not contracted proximally, 12–18 × 5–8 mm, with pale commissures, lobes 5, erect, narrowly lanceolate, 4–6 mm, margins narrow, membranous proximally, apex blunt, with glandular hairs; petals 11/2–2 times longer than calyx tube; corolla pink, clawed, claw equaling calyx tube, limb obovate, deeply 2-lobed, 5–10 mm, appendages 2, linear, ca. 1.5 mm; stamens exserted, shorter than petals; styles 3–5, included in calyx, ± equaling calyx or corolla. |
Capsules | equaling calyx, opening by 6 teeth; carpophore less than 1 mm. |
conic to ellipsoid, equaling calyx lobes, opening by 6–10 recurved teeth; carpophore 1–2 mm. |
Seeds | dull gray-black, reniform, 0.5–0.8 mm diam., finely papillate. |
dark brown, reniform, 1–1.5 mm, prominently papillate; papillae larger around margins. |
2n | = 24. |
= 48. |
Silene antirrhina |
Silene nuda |
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Phenology | Flowering spring–late summer. | Flowering summer. |
Habitat | Dry, sandy or gravelly places, roadsides, fields, waste places, open woods, often appearing after burning | Scrubby grasslands and openings in woodland and coniferous forests |
Elevation | 0-2300 m (0-7500 ft) | 1100-2300 m (3600-7500 ft) |
Distribution |
AL; AR; AZ; CA; CO; CT; DC; DE; FL; GA; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MS; MT; NC; ND; NE; NH; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; RI; SC; SD; TN; TX; UT; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; WY; AB; BC; MB; NB; ON; QC; SK; Mexico; South America; adventive in Europe
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CA; NV; OR
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Discussion | The six varieties and forms of Silene antirrhina noted above were named on the basis of stature and flower color, but none appear to be worthy of recognition. The species is very plastic, being greatly affected by moisture, exposure, and nutrients. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Silene nuda may be confused with the other scapose species, S. scaposa, but S. nuda has larger, more conspicuous petals that are one and one-half to two times as long as the calyx tube. It is found in the Sierra Nevada and southern Cascades. The Nevada populations tend to grow in drier situations and on saline flats. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 5, p. 174. | FNA vol. 5, p. 195. |
Parent taxa | Caryophyllaceae > subfam. Caryophylloideae > Silene | Caryophyllaceae > subfam. Caryophylloideae > Silene |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | S. antirrhina var. confinis, S. antirrhina var. depauperata, S. antirrhina var. divaricata, S. antirrhina var. laevigata, S. antirrhina var. subglaber, S. antirrhina var. vaccarifolia | Lychnis nuda, S. insectivora, S. nuda subsp. insectivora, S. pectinata, S. pectinata var. subnuda |
Name authority | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 1: 419. (1753) | (S. Watson) C. L. Hitchcock & Maguire: Revis. N. Amer. Silene, 45. (1947) |
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