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chickweed oxytheca, chickweed starry puncturebract

starry puncturebract

Habit Plants 1–2.5 × (0.3–)1–4(–5) dm. Herbs, annual; taproots slender.
Stems

spreading to prostrate.

arising directly from the root, spreading or prostrate, sometimes erect, solid, not fistulose or disarticulating into ringlike segments, glabrous or sparsely glandular.

Leaves

blades spatulate to oblanceolate, 1–6(–8) × 0.3–1.2(–1.8) cm.

persistent or quickly deciduous, basal, rosulate;

petioles indistinct;

blade broadly linear or spatulate to oblanceolate, margins entire, strigose and glandular.

Inflorescences

diffuse, 0.5–2 dm;

bracts 3–8 × 0.5–1.5 mm, awns 0.2–0.5 mm.

terminal, cymose;

branches mostly dichotomous, not brittle or disarticulating into segments, round, glabrous or sparsely glandular;

bracts (2–)3(–4) at first node, 2–3 at distal nodes, distinct or connate, often positioned to side of node, scalelike, triangular or linear to ovate and 3-lobed, awned, sparsely glandular.

Peduncles

erect, 0.1–1 cm, sparsely glandular or glabrous, otherwise absent.

present or absent, erect to spreading.

Involucres

concolored, narrowly to broadly turbinate, 4–7 mm, sparsely glandular;

teeth 5(–6), connate ca. 1/2 their length;

awns greenish to reddish, 0.3–1 mm.

1 per node, not ribbed, tubular, narrowly turbinate to funnelform;

teeth 5(–6), awn-tipped.

Flowers

2–3;

perianth greenish yellow to reddish, 1–2 mm;

tepals broadly oblanceolate, 3-lobed apically 1/5 their length, lobes not laciniate;

filaments 0.8–1.2 mm;

anthers red, oval, 0.2–0.4 mm.

2–5(–10) per involucre at any single time during full anthesis;

perianth white to rose or greenish yellow to red, funnelform when open, tubular when closed, hirsute and sparsely glandular abaxially;

tepals 6, connate 1/4–1/3 their length, monomorphic, 3–5-lobed or laciniate apically;

stamens 9;

filaments basally adnate, glabrous or minutely papillate basally;

anthers red to maroon, ellipsoid or oblong to oval.

Achenes

golden to red-brown, 1.2–1.5 mm.

usually included, golden- to red-brown, not winged, 3-gonous, glabrous.

Seeds

embryo curved.

x

= 20.

2n

= 40.

Sidotheca caryophylloides

Sidotheca

Phenology Flowering Jun–Sep.
Habitat Sandy to gravelly flats, washes, and slopes, chaparral communities, montane conifer woodlands
Elevation 1300-2600 m (4300-8500 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
CA
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
CA; nw Mexico
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Sidotheca caryophylloides grows in the Transverse Ranges and the southern Sierra Nevada.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Species 3 (3 in the flora).

Sidotheca is allied to Eriogonum subg. Ganysma, approaching E. inerme in terms of foliar and overall habit. The trilobed to laciniate tepals resemble those of certain species of Chorizanthe. It is possible, as B. Ertter (1980) suggested, that the taxon was derived from Acanthoscyphus. In the 1950s, G. J. Goodman (1904–1999) proposed its recognition at generic rank, using the parahomonym “Neoxytheca.”

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Involucres funnelform, white-margined, bracts connate more than 3/ 4 their length; tepals 3-5-lobed apically, lobes laciniate
S. emarginata
1. Involucres narrowly to broadly turbinate, concolored, bracts connate ca. 1/ 2 their length; tepals 3-lobed apically, lobes laciniate or not
→ 2
2. Perianths 1-2 mm, greenish yellow to red; tepals 3-lobed apically 1/ 5 their length; peduncles present or absent; awns of involucral bracts 0.3-1 mm; awns of inflorescence bracts 0.2-0.5 mm
S. caryophylloides
2. Perianths 2.5-4 mm, white to pink; tepals 3-lobed apically 1/ 1/ 2 their length; peduncles present; awns of involucral bracts 0.3-2 mm; awns of inflorescence bracts 0.8-1 mm
S. trilobata
Source FNA vol. 5, p. 440. FNA vol. 5, p. 439. Author: James L. Reveal.
Parent taxa Polygonaceae > subfam. Eriogonoideae > Sidotheca Polygonaceae > subfam. Eriogonoideae
Sibling taxa
S. emarginata, S. trilobata
Subordinate taxa
S. caryophylloides, S. emarginata, S. trilobata
Synonyms Oxytheca caryophylloides, Eriogonum caryophylloides Oxytheca section Neoxytheca
Name authority (Parry) Reveal: Harvard Pap. Bot. 9: 211. (2004) Reveal: Harvard Pap. Bot. 9: 211. (2004)
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