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great laurel, great rosebay, rhododendron, rosebay, rosebay rhododendron

Habit Shrubs or trees, to 10 m, sometimes rhizomatous.
Stems

bark smooth to vertically furrowed, shredding;

twigs multicellular stipitate-glandular-hairy and eglandular-hairy (hairs basally branched, crisped/matted), glabrate in age.

Leaves

persistent;

petiole multicellular-hairy (hairs ± branched), often glabrescent;

blade oblong to obovate or elliptic, (6–)9–20(–31) × (1.5–)2–5(–8) cm (length/width ratio 2.4–8), thick, coriaceous, margins entire, revolute to ± plane, glabrous or sparsely hairy (hairs branched), apex acuminate to sometimes acute, surfaces scattered stipitate-glandular-hairy and eglandular-hairy (hairs forming dense mat, basally branched, crisped, abaxially becoming sticky and matted, forming ± scaly or continuous, pale, shellaclike coating, smooth to slightly roughened, hairs ± deciduous adaxially).

Inflorescences

10–25-flowered;

bracts similar to bud scales.

Pedicels

17–60 mm, multicellular stipitate-glandular-hairy.

Flowers

opening after development of leaves (of flowering shoots), erect to horizontal, not or only slightly fragrant;

calyx lobes 2–6 mm, stipitate-glandular-hairy;

corolla white to pink, rarely deep pink to purple, with yellowish green spots on upper lobe, campanulate, 20–36 mm, scattered stipitate-glandular-hairy on outer surface, petals connate, lobes 10–23 mm, tube gradually expanding into lobes, 7–16 mm;

stamens 10, included, ± unequal, 14–26 mm; (ovary stipitate-glandular-hairy).

Capsules

borne on erect pedicels, 8–20 × 4–6.5 mm, stipitate-glandular-hairy.

Seeds

without distinct tails, flattened portion of testa well developed at each end;

testa expanded, dorsiventrally flattened, loose.

Floral

bud scales stipitate-glandular-hairy, eglandular-hairy (hairs ferruginous, crisped), and short unicellular-hairy abaxially, margins hairy (hairs branched, long-celled).

2n

= 26.

Rhododendron maximum

Phenology Flowering summer.
Habitat Stream banks, mesic woods
Elevation 0-1900 m (0-6200 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AL; CT; GA; KY; MA; MD; ME; NC; NH; NJ; NY; OH; PA; RI; SC; TN; VA; VT; WV
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Individuals of Rhododendron maximum are beautiful, cold-hardy shrubs and are frequently cultivated as ornamentals. Hybrids with R. catawbiense occur. This species has been attributed in standard floras to eastern Canada but not confirmed there by specimens.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 8, p. 463.
Parent taxa Ericaceae > subfam. Ericoideae > Rhododendron
Sibling taxa
R. alabamense, R. albiflorum, R. arborescens, R. atlanticum, R. austrinum, R. calendulaceum, R. canadense, R. canescens, R. catawbiense, R. columbianum, R. cumberlandense, R. eastmanii, R. flammeum, R. groenlandicum, R. lapponicum, R. macrophyllum, R. minus, R. occidentale, R. periclymenoides, R. prinophyllum, R. prunifolium, R. tomentosum, R. vaseyi, R. viscosum
Synonyms R. ashleyi
Name authority Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 1: 392. 1753 ,
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