Rhododendron maximum |
Rhododendron arborescens |
|
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great laurel, great rosebay, rhododendron, rosebay, rosebay rhododendron |
smooth azalea, sweet azalea |
|
Habit | Shrubs or trees, to 10 m, sometimes rhizomatous. | Shrubs or trees, to 6 m, usually not rhizomatous. |
Stems | bark smooth to vertically furrowed, shredding; twigs multicellular stipitate-glandular-hairy and eglandular-hairy (hairs basally branched, crisped/matted), glabrate in age. |
bark smooth to vertically furrowed, shredding; twigs glabrous or, very rarely, sparsely, widely scattered, unicellular and multicellular eglandular-hairy. |
Leaves | persistent; petiole multicellular-hairy (hairs ± branched), often glabrescent; blade oblong to obovate or elliptic, (6–)9–20(–31) × (1.5–)2–5(–8) cm (length/width ratio 2.4–8), thick, coriaceous, margins entire, revolute to ± plane, glabrous or sparsely hairy (hairs branched), apex acuminate to sometimes acute, surfaces scattered stipitate-glandular-hairy and eglandular-hairy (hairs forming dense mat, basally branched, crisped, abaxially becoming sticky and matted, forming ± scaly or continuous, pale, shellaclike coating, smooth to slightly roughened, hairs ± deciduous adaxially). |
deciduous; petiole glabrous or multicellular eglandular-hairy; blade ovate to obovate, 3–8(–10.5) × 1.3–3.5 cm, thin, chartaceous, margins entire, plane, ciliate, eglandular-hairy, apex acute to obtuse, often mucronate, abaxial surface glabrous, (sometimes glaucous), adaxial surface glabrous, (lustrous). |
Inflorescences | 10–25-flowered; bracts similar to bud scales. |
3–7-flowered; bracts similar to bud scales. |
Pedicels | 17–60 mm, multicellular stipitate-glandular-hairy. |
6–21 mm, glabrous or stipitate-glandular-hairy, sometimes also unicellular-hairy. |
Flowers | opening after development of leaves (of flowering shoots), erect to horizontal, not or only slightly fragrant; calyx lobes 2–6 mm, stipitate-glandular-hairy; corolla white to pink, rarely deep pink to purple, with yellowish green spots on upper lobe, campanulate, 20–36 mm, scattered stipitate-glandular-hairy on outer surface, petals connate, lobes 10–23 mm, tube gradually expanding into lobes, 7–16 mm; stamens 10, included, ± unequal, 14–26 mm; (ovary stipitate-glandular-hairy). |
opening after leaves, erect to horizontal, very fragrant; calyx lobes 0.8–6(–9) mm, surfaces and margins scattered, stipitate-glandular- and/or, sometimes, eglandular-hairy; corolla white or, sometimes, light pink (contrasting with dark pink to red style and filaments), without blotch on upper lobe, funnelform, 30–55 mm, stipitate-glandular-hairy (hairs continuing in lines up lobes), otherwise glabrous or sparsely unicellular-hairy on outer surface, petals connate, lobes 10–24 mm, tube ± gradually expanded into lobes, 20–37 mm (equaling or much longer than lobes); stamens 5, much exserted, ± unequal, 44–82 mm. |
Capsules | borne on erect pedicels, 8–20 × 4–6.5 mm, stipitate-glandular-hairy. |
borne on erect pedicels, 8–17 × 4.5–8 mm, ± densely multicellular stipitate-glandular-hairy, sometimes also sparsely unicellular-hairy. |
Seeds | without distinct tails, flattened portion of testa well developed at each end; testa expanded, dorsiventrally flattened, loose. |
without distinct tails; testa not dorsiventrally flattened, usually ± loose. |
Floral | bud scales stipitate-glandular-hairy, eglandular-hairy (hairs ferruginous, crisped), and short unicellular-hairy abaxially, margins hairy (hairs branched, long-celled). |
bud scales usually glabrous abaxially, margins unicellular-ciliate. |
2n | = 26. |
= 26. |
Rhododendron maximum |
Rhododendron arborescens |
|
Phenology | Flowering summer. | Flowering late spring–summer. |
Habitat | Stream banks, mesic woods | Stream banks, rocky streamsides, heath balds, swampy woods or bogs |
Elevation | 0-1900 m (0-6200 ft) | 90-1500 m (300-4900 ft) |
Distribution |
AL; CT; GA; KY; MA; MD; ME; NC; NH; NJ; NY; OH; PA; RI; SC; TN; VA; VT; WV
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AL; GA; KY; MD; NC; PA; SC; TN; VA; WV
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Discussion | Individuals of Rhododendron maximum are beautiful, cold-hardy shrubs and are frequently cultivated as ornamentals. Hybrids with R. catawbiense occur. This species has been attributed in standard floras to eastern Canada but not confirmed there by specimens. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Rhododendron arborescens is most closely related to R. viscosum, as evidenced by their glabrous floral bud scales and flowers that appear after the leaves have expanded (K. A. Kron 1993). It can be distinguished by its glabrous branchlets, red style and filaments (which contrast with the white corollas), and distinctive seeds that lack loose, expanded testae. These two species occasionally hybridize; hybrids with R. cumberlandense also are known. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 8, p. 463. | FNA vol. 8, p. 470. |
Parent taxa | Ericaceae > subfam. Ericoideae > Rhododendron | Ericaceae > subfam. Ericoideae > Rhododendron |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | R. ashleyi | Azalea arborescens |
Name authority | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 1: 392. 1753 , | (Pursh) Torrey: Fl. N. Middle United States, 425. 1824 , |
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