Potentilla flabellifolia |
Potentilla villosa |
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fan-foil, fan-leaf cinquefoil, fanleaf or fanfoil or Mount Rainier cinquefoil, fringe-leaf cinquefoil, high mountain cinquefoil |
hairy cinquefoil, northern cinquefoil, villous cinquefoil |
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Habit | Plants ± openly matted; caudex branches short to elongate, ± stout. | Plants ± to densely tufted. |
Caudex branches | stout, sometimes short-columnar, not sheathed with marcescent whole leaves. |
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Stems | ascending to erect, (0.3–)1–3 dm, lengths 2 times basal leaves. |
ascending, 0.5–2(–2.5) dm, lengths 1.5–3 times basal leaves. |
Basal leaves | 2-ranked, ternate, (1–)3–12(–20) cm; stipules: apex rounded; petiole (0.5–)1–15(–18) cm, hairs and glands usually absent; leaflets 3, central widely obovate to flabellate, (0.5–)1–5 × (0.4–)1–3(–3.5) cm, petiolule 0–5(–10) mm, margins flat, not or shallowly lobed (sinuses extending less than 1/2 to midvein), distal 1/2–3/4 usually unevenly incised 1/4–1/2 to midvein, teeth 3–7 per side, often secondarily toothed, surfaces similar, green, hairs absent or sparse, rarely common, 0.5–1 mm, glands absent or sparse. |
2–12(–15) cm; petiole 1–9(–12) cm, long hairs ± abundant to dense, spreading to ascending, 1–2.5(–3) mm, soft to weak, smooth, crisped hairs absent or sparse, cottony hairs absent, glands sparse to common, sometimes obscured; leaflets usually ± overlapping, central broadly obovate to suborbiculate, (0.5–)1.5–2.5(–3) × (0.5–)1.5–2.6(–3.2) cm, sessile to subsessile, base cuneate to rounded, margins revolute, distal 1/2–2/3(–3/4) incised 1/4–1/2 to midvein, teeth 3–6(–7) per side, ± approximate to ± distant, surfaces ± dissimilar, abaxial yellowish or grayish white, long hairs 1–2 mm, cottony-crisped hairs ± dense, adaxial grayish green, long hairs abundant to dense, crisped hairs absent, sparse, or obscured. |
Cauline leaves | (0–)1–2. |
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Inflorescences | 1–6-flowered. |
(1–)2–7(–10)-flowered. |
Pedicels | straight, 0.3–4.5(–5) cm, not much longer in fruit than in flower. |
0.5–3(–4) cm in flower, to 4 cm in fruit. |
Flowers | epicalyx bractlets often toothed or 2-lobed, elliptic to oval, 3.5–7 × (1–)1.5–3 mm, margins flat; hypanthium 3–7 mm diam.; sepals 4–8 mm, apex acute to obtuse; petals dark yellow, (5–)6–10(–12) × (3–)5–10 mm; filaments 1.5–3 mm, anthers 0.6–1.5 mm; carpels 20–50, styles filiform, not or slightly papillate-swollen proximally, 1.6–2.5 mm. |
epicalyx bractlets ovate to oval-elliptic, 3–8 × 2–5 mm, 2/3 to as wide as sepals, margins strongly revolute, red glands absent; hypanthium 5–7 mm diam.; sepals 4–8 mm, apex ± acute; petals (5–)7–15 × 7–16 mm, significantly longer than sepals; filaments 1.8–2.1 mm, anthers 0.7–0.8 mm; carpels 150–250, apical hairs usually absent, rarely present (cottony), styles narrowly conic to tapered, ± papillate-swollen on proximal 1/5–1/2, 0.9–1.1 mm. |
Achenes | 1.2–1.5 mm. |
0.9–1.3 mm. |
2n | = 28. |
= 14. |
Potentilla flabellifolia |
Potentilla villosa |
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Phenology | Flowering summer. | Flowering spring–summer. |
Habitat | Moist to wet or swampy, sometimes dry, stream banks, lakeshores, meadows, in conifer woodlands, subalpine and alpine grassy, rocky slopes, near or above timberline | Sea cliffs, gravel beaches, inland on alpine outcrops (primarily southern populations), pumice barrens, scree and rock ledges |
Elevation | 1000–3700 m (3300–12100 ft) | 0–100(–1800) m (0–300(–5900) ft) |
Distribution |
CA; ID; MT; NV; OR; WA; WY; AB; BC
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AK; OR; WA; BC; e Asia (Russian Far East)
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Discussion | Potentilla flabellifolia is found in the mountains from southern British Columbia, southwestern Alberta, and southwestern Montana to the southern Sierra Nevada of California. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Potentilla villosa is the only documented diploid species of sect. Niveae in North America and, almost certainly, it is fully sexual. It is a characteristic species of coarse-grained beaches and coastal cliffs from southwestern British Columbia to western Alaska and the Russian Far East, and also occurs on scattered mountains in the Olympic Peninsula and Cascade Range of Washington and Oregon (providing the higher elevational extreme). These southern populations, which have been called var. parviflora, tend to be smaller, more delicate, less hairy plants in general, with fewer and smaller flowers. At least some plants in some southern populations also have cottony hairs on the carpels. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 9, p. 190. | FNA vol. 9, p. 201. |
Parent taxa | Rosaceae > subfam. Rosoideae > tribe Potentilleae > Potentilla > sect. Aureae | Rosaceae > subfam. Rosoideae > tribe Potentilleae > Potentilla > sect. Niveae |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | P. villosa var. parviflora | |
Name authority | Hooker ex Torrey & A. Gray: Fl. N. Amer. 1: 442. (1840) | Pallas ex Pursh: Fl. Amer. Sept. 1: 353. (1813) |
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