Polygonum paronychia |
Polygonum tenue |
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beach knotweed, beach or black or dune knotweed, black knotweed, dune knotweed |
pleat-leaf knotweed, slender knotweed |
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Habit | Shrubs or subshrubs. | Herbs. |
Stems | prostrate or ascending, brown, branched, rooting at nodes, not wiry, 10–100 cm, glabrous, covered with remains of lacerate, hyaline ocreae. |
erect, green or brown-ish, simple or branched from below middle, not wiry, 5–50 cm, glabrous or papillose-scabridulous. |
Leaves | crowded at branch tips, articulated to ocreae, basal leaves caducous or persistent, distal leaves not reduced in size; ocrea 15–20 mm, glabrous, proximal part cylindric to funnelform, distal part silvery, entire or slightly lacerate, disintegrating into persistent white-gray curly fibers; petiole 0–0.5 mm; blade 1-veined, without pleats, linear to oblanceolate, (5–)10–20(–33) × 3–8 mm, coriaceous, margins revolute, smooth, apex acute or mucronate. |
uniformly distributed, articulated to ocreae, basal leaves caducous or persistent, distal leaves abruptly reduced to bracts; ocrea 6–15 mm, glabrous or papillose-scabridulous, proximal part cylindric, distal part soon disintegrating into a few brown fibers; petiole 0.1–1 mm; blade 1-veined, with 1 pleat on each side of midrib, narrowly lanceolate to linear, 25–40 × 1–8 mm, margins usually flat, papillose-denticulate, apex mucronate or cuspidate. |
Inflorescences | axillary; cymes crowded in distal axils, 2–5-flowered. |
axillary and terminal, spikelike, slender, elongate; cymes spaced along branches, 1–2(–3)-flowered. |
Pedicels | enclosed in ocreae, erect to spreading, 2–5 mm. |
enclosed in ocreae, erect, 1–1.5 mm. |
Flowers | semi-open or open; perianth (4.5–)6–10 mm; tube 22–48% of perianth length; tepals partially overlapping, uniformly pink or white, reddish brown when dried, petaloid, oblong-ovate to ± lanceolate, apex rounded; midveins pinnately branched; stamens 8. |
closed; perianth 2.5–4.2 mm; tube 15–22% of perianth length; tepals overlapping, green, often brownish when dried, with pink or white margins, petaloid or sepaloid, elliptic, cucullate, navicular, apex rounded; midveins usually unbranched, rarely branched; stamens 8. |
Achenes | enclosed in or slightly exserted from perianth, black, ovate, 4–5 mm, faces subequal, shiny, smooth. |
enclosed in or slightly exserted from perianth, black, elliptic to oblong, 2.3–4 mm, faces subequal, shiny, smooth or minutely striate-tubercled near edges and apex. |
2n | = 20. |
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Polygonum paronychia |
Polygonum tenue |
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Phenology | Flowering Mar–Sep. | Flowering Jun–Oct. |
Habitat | Coastal sands, scrub along coast | Dry acid soils in exposed sites |
Elevation | 0-50 m (0-200 ft) | 100-1000 m (300-3300 ft) |
Distribution |
CA; OR; WA; BC
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AL; AR; CT; DC; DE; GA; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; NC; NE; NH; NJ; NY; OH; OK; PA; RI; SD; TN; TX; VA; VT; WI; WV; WY; ON
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Discussion | Polygonum paronychia may be cultivated in rock gardens in open sites with sandy soil. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Source | FNA vol. 5, p. 562. | FNA vol. 5, p. 567. |
Parent taxa | Polygonaceae > subfam. Polygonoideae > Polygonum > sect. Duravia | Polygonaceae > subfam. Polygonoideae > Polygonum > sect. Duravia |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | P. tenue var. protrusum | |
Name authority | Chamisso & Schlechtendal: Linnaea 3: 51. (1828) | Michaux: Fl. Bor.-Amer. 1: 238. (1803) |
Web links |
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