Flora of North America species comparison

red-brown, shallowly to deeply fissured with thick, scaly, irregular, blocky ridges.

yellow-brown to reddish, fissured, plates scaly.

contorted, pendent;

twigs pale red-brown, aging gray to yellow-gray, puberulent, young branches resembling long bottlebrushes because of persistent leaves.

spreading-ascending;

twigs stout, orangish, aging gray, rough.

ovoid-acuminate, pale red-brown, ca. 1cm, resinous.

ovoid, red-brown, 1.5–2cm, not resinous;

scale margins fringed.

mostly 5 per fascicle, upcurved, persisting 10–30 years, 1.5–3.5cm × 0.8–1.2mm, mostly connivent, deep yellow-green, with few resin splotches but often scurfy with pale scales, abaxial surface without median groove but with 2 subepidermal but evident resin bands, adaxial surfaces conspicuously whitened with stomates, margins entire or remotely and finely serrulate distally, apex bluntly acute to short-acuminate;

sheath ca. 1cm, soon forming rosette, shed early.

(2–)3 per fascicle, spreading-ascending, persisting (2–)4–6(–7) years, 10–15cm × ca. 1.5mm, slightly twisted, gray-green, all surfaces with stomatal lines, margins finely serrulate, apex acuminate;

sheath 1–2cm, base persistent.

cylindro-ellipsoid, 7–10mm, purple-red.

cylindric, 10–20mm, red-purple.

cones maturing in 2 years, shedding seeds and falling soon thereafter, spreading, symmetric, lance-cylindric with rounded base before opening, lance-cylindric to narrowly ovoid when open, 6–9.5cm, purple, aging red-brown, nearly sessile;

apophyses much thickened, sharply keeled;

umbo central, raised on low buttress, truncate to umbilicate, abruptly narrowed to slender but stiff, variable prickle 1–6mm, resin exudate pale.

cones maturing in 2 years, shedding seeds soon thereafter, not persistent, spreading, slightly asymmetric, ovoid-conic before opening, broadly ovoid when open, 7–10cm, tan or pale red-brown, sessile, abaxial surface of scales darker and sharply contrasting in color with adaxial surface;

apophyses slightly raised, low pyramidal;

umbo central, narrowly pyramidal, tapering into short, reflexed, fine prickle.

=24.