Oxyrhynchus |
Oxyrhynchus volubilis |
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frijol monilla, oxyrhynchus |
twining bluehood |
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Stems | trailing to climbing, strigose to pilose, glabrescent, hairs not uncinate. |
to 10+ m. Leaves: stipules deltate, 3–4 × 1–1.5 mm; stipels striate, linear-deltate, 2–3.5 × 1 mm; leaflet blades ovate to subhastate, lateral blades obliquely ovate, 5–8 × 3–4 cm, base trinervate, apex acute to acuminate, surfaces glabrous or glabrate, hairs subadpressed. |
Leaves | alternate, odd-pinnate; stipules present, caducous; petiolate, petiole longer than rachis, both canaliculate; leaflets 3, stipels present, often caducous, blade margins entire, surfaces glabrous or glabrate. |
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Inflorescences | 50–60+-flowered, axillary, pseudoracemes, floral nodes relatively conspicuous, glandular; bracts present, often caducous, bracteoles early caducous, proximal to calyx, sometimes subpeltate. |
20–40 cm, rachis with 10+ floral nodes, each with 5 or 6 flowers; bracts subulate, 3 mm. |
Peduncles | 12–18 cm, covered with antrorse trichomes. |
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Pedicels | mostly shorter than calyx tube. |
3–6 mm; bracteoles ovate-elliptic, 2 mm, 3- or 4-veined. |
Flowers | papilionaceous; calyx campanulate, lobes 5; corolla greenish yellow to purple, glabrous; banner usually longer than wings and keel, with 2 prominent appendages on inner face; wing blades oblong, not projected beyond distal bend of keel; keel petals connate along upper margin, not forming gibbosity or hump, incurved, and beaked; stamens 10, diadelphous; anthers basifixed, pollen tricolporate; ovary oblong, nectary disc at base; style slightly curved, distally bearded; stigma terminal or subterminal. |
1 cm; calyx purplish, 3–5 mm, lobes subequal, lateral lobes ovate, ciliate; banner greenish outside, inner face purple, 9–10 mm, length less than width, base auriculate and unguiculate, apex emarginate; wings purple, widely oblong, 8–9 mm, base auriculate, short-clawed; keel light purple, curved, 7.5–8.5 mm, base auriculate, short-clawed, apex slightly twisted to right; ovules 2 or 3. |
Fruits | legumes, stipitate, terete or subcylindric, widely oblong, leathery, with rostrate, curved beak, slightly compressed between seeds, dehiscent, glabrous or puberulent; endocarp white-spongy. |
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Legumes | light brown with dark patterns, 4–6 × 2–3 cm, dehiscent first on adaxial suture, slightly twisting, valves pulverulent. |
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Seeds | 2 or 3[–6], spherical [oblong to reniform or spherical-prismatic]; hilum linear-oblong, circumlinear, elongated 1/2 to nearly entire length of seed. |
1 cm diam.; hilum 0.8–1.1 mm. |
Vines | , perennial, unarmed. |
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x | = 11. |
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2n | = 22. |
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Oxyrhynchus |
Oxyrhynchus volubilis |
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Phenology | Flowering Sep–Nov. | |
Habitat | Shrublands. | |
Elevation | 100–500 m. (300–1600 ft.) | |
Distribution |
Mexico; Central America; West Indies (Bahamas, Cuba); n South America; Pacific Islands (New Guinea) [Introduced, Texas] |
TX; Mexico; West Indies (Bahamas, Cuba) |
Discussion | Species 4 (1 in the flora). Oxyrhynchus is distinguished by spheroidal to oblong and rounded seeds with hila extending 50–98% of the seed length, and by subcylindric, leathery legumes. Molecular evidence established Oxyrhynchus as closely related to Ramirezella Rose (A. Delgado-Salinas et al. 2011). Species of Oxyrhynchus inhabit seasonally dry to wet tropical and subtropical forests and montane forests or coastal thickets. The water-dispersed floating seeds of some species may explain their irregular distribution (V. E. Rudd 1967; B. Verdcourt 1979; A. Delgado-Salinas and E. Estrada-Castillón 2010). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Oxyrhynchus volubilis was described as O. alienus from plants grown in Austin, Texas. The species is now cultivated as an ornamental; there appears to be little information available about it in the flora area (G. L. Nesom 2009), and it may not be naturalized there. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 11. | FNA vol. 11. |
Parent taxa | ||
Subordinate taxa | ||
Synonyms | Monoplegma, Peekelia | Dolichos insularis, O. alienus, O. insularis |
Name authority | Brandegee: Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 4: 270. (1912) | Brandegee: Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 4: 271. (1912) |
Web links |