Orthocarpus |
Orthocarpus tolmiei |
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owl's-clover, owl-clover |
Tolmie's owl's-clover |
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Habit | Herbs, annual; hemiparasitic. | Annuals 10–35 cm. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Stems | erect or ascending, not fleshy, glabrous or hairy. |
erect, scabrous and sparsely puberulent. |
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Leaves | cauline, alternate; petiole absent; blade not fleshy, not leathery, margins entire or 3–7-lobed. |
15–50 mm; blade margins entire. |
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Inflorescences | terminal, spikes or racemes; bracts present. |
spikes or racemes, 2–15 cm; bracts 10–20 mm, margins entire or 3-lobed in proximal 1/2, proximal resembling distal leaves, midlobe yellow-green to purple distally, narrowly triangular, 0.7–1 mm wide, apex acute, not cuspidate, lateral lobes linear to narrowly triangular. |
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Pedicels | absent or present; bracteoles absent. |
0–2 mm. |
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Flowers | sepals 4, calyx symmetric, tubular, lobes triangular; petals 5, corolla purple-pink, yellow, or white, strongly bilabiate, club-shaped, often gibbous at base of abaxial lip, abaxial lobes 0 or 3, adaxial 2, adaxial lip galeate, rounded at apex, sometimes obscurely so, opening downward; stamens 4, didynamous, filaments glabrous or hairy; staminode 0; ovary 2-locular, placentation axile; stigma linear, not expanded at apex. |
calyx 4–8 mm; corolla 10–17 mm, longer than bracts, abaxial lip conspicuously inflated, lobes 3, triangular, adaxial lip yellow or purple-pink, 4–5 mm, 1–2 mm longer than abaxial, glabrous or puberulent, tip notably hooked, not bearded. |
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Capsules | dehiscence loculicidal. |
4–6 mm, apex retuse. |
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Seeds | 5–35, light to dark brown or yellow, ovoid to reniform or oblong, wings absent. |
3–6, light brown, narrowly ellipsoid, 1.8–2.5 mm, shallowly reticulate, not ridged. |
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x | = 7. |
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2n | = 14. |
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Orthocarpus |
Orthocarpus tolmiei |
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Distribution |
w North America |
ID; UT; WY
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Discussion | Species 9 (9 in the flora). Orthocarpus is related to Cordylanthus and can be distinguished by its four-lobed, tubular calyces (D. C. Tank et al. 2009). Some species placed traditionally in Orthocarpus were transferred to Castilleja and Triphysaria by T. I. Chuang and L. R. Heckard (1991). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Orthocarpus tolmiei is similar to both O. luteus and O. purpureoalbus but usually can be distinguished by its highly branched stems. Subspecies 2 (2 in the flora). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 17, p. 680. | FNA vol. 17, p. 684. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Name authority | Nuttall: Gen. N. Amer. Pl. 2: 56. (1818) | Hooker & Arnott: Bot. Beechey Voy., 379. (1839) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Web links |