Listera smallii |
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Appalachian twayblade, kidney-leaf twayblade |
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Habit | Plants 5–35 cm. |
Stems | slender, succulent, glabrous. |
Leaves | blade dark green, ovate-reniform, 2–4 × 1.5–3.5 cm, apex acute, mucronate, or apiculate to short-acuminate. |
Inflorescences | 5–15-flowered, lax, 40–100 mm; floral bracts ovate, 3–4 × 1.5 mm, apex acute; peduncle and rachis glandular-pubescent. |
Flowers | green, purple-brown, to pinkish tan; pedicel slender, 6–7 mm, glabrous; sepals strongly reflexed; dorsal sepal lanceolate to linear-lanceolate, 3–4 × 1 mm, apex acute; lateral sepals lanceolate to linear-lanceolate, 3–4 × 1 mm, apex acute; petals slightly reflexed, linear to linear-lanceolate, margins slightly revolute, apex acute; lip sessile, broadly obovate to cuneate, 6–10 × 5–7 mm, base with rounded lobule on each side, apex dilated and deeply cleft into pair of ± divergent broadly rounded lobes, shallowly toothed in sinus; column slightly arcuate, short, 1.5–3 × 1–2 mm. |
Capsules | semierect, ellipsoid, 5 × 3 mm. |
2n | = 38. |
Listera smallii |
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Phenology | Flowering Jun–Jul. |
Habitat | Damp humus in shady forests of Appalachian Mountains, often beneath Rhododendron in acidic soil, also in sphagnous thickets and bogs |
Elevation | 600–1300 m (2000–4300 ft) |
Distribution |
GA; KY; MD; NC; NJ; PA; SC; TN; VA; WV
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Discussion | Listera nipponica Makino, a species similar to L. smallii, occurs in the mountains of Japan. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 26, p. 591. |
Parent taxa | Orchidaceae > subfam. Epidendroideae > tribe Neottieae > subtribe Limodorinae > Listera |
Sibling taxa | |
Synonyms | L. reniformis, Bifolium smallii, Neottia smallii, Ophrys smallii |
Name authority | Wiegand: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 26: 169. (1899) |
Web links |