Lepidium draba |
Lepidium pinnatifidum |
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heart-pod hoary-cress, heart-pod pepperweed, hoary cress, hoary pepperwort, whitetop |
feather-leaf pepper-weed, wayside pepper grass |
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Habit | Perennials; (rhizomatous); hirsute or glabrate. | Annuals; puberulent. |
Stems | often simple from base, erect or decumbent basally, branched (several) distally, (0.8–)2–6.5(–9) dm. |
simple from base, erect, (paniculately) branched beyond base or distally, 2–6 dm. |
Basal leaves | (early withered); not rosulate; petiole 1–4 cm; blade obovate, spatulate, or ovate, (1.5–)3–10(–15) cm × 10–40 mm, margins sinuate to dentate or entire. |
(soon withered, often before anthesis); not rosulate; blade dentate to pinnatifid. |
Cauline leaves | sessile; blade ovate, elliptic, oblong, or lanceolate, oblanceolate, or obovate, (1–)3–9(–15) cm × (5–)10–20(–50) mm, base sagittate-amplexicaul or auriculate, margins dentate or entire, (surfaces pubescent or glabrous). |
shortly petiolate to subsessile; blade narrowly oblanceolate to linear, 1–3.3 cm × 1–4 mm, base attenuate, not auriculate, margins entire. |
Racemes | (corymbose panicles), slightly or considerably elongated in fruit; rachis glabrous or puberulent, trichomes straight or curved, cylindrical. |
(often paniculate), considerably elongated in fruit; rachis glabrous or puberulent, trichomes straight, cylindrical. |
Flowers | sepals oblong to ovate, 1.5–2.5 × 0.7–1.2 mm; petals white, obovate, (2.5–)3–4(–4.5) × (1–)1.3–2(–2.2) mm, claw 1–1.7 mm; stamens 6; filaments 2–3 mm, (glabrous); anthers 0.4–0.5 mm. |
sepals oblong, 0.7–0.8 × 0.3–0.4 mm; petals (rudimentary), white, linear, 0.4–0.6 × 0.05–0.1 mm, claw absent; stamens 4, median and lateral; filaments 0.6–0.8 mm; anthers ca. 0.2 mm. |
Fruiting pedicels | ascending to horizontal, straight, (terete), 5–10(–15) × 0.2–0.3 mm, glabrous or sparsely puberulent adaxially. |
divaricate-ascending to horizontal, straight, (terete), 2–3.5 × 0.1–0.15 mm, puberulent adaxially. |
Fruits | (indehiscent), cordate to subreniform, (2–)2.5–3.7(–4.3) × (3.2–)3.7–5(–5.6) mm, apically (obtuse to subacute), not winged, apical notch absent; valves thin, smooth, reticulate-veined, glabrous; style (0.6–)1–1.8(–2) mm. |
orbicular to broadly elliptic, 1.8–2 × 1.7–1.8 mm, apically not winged, apical notch 0.05–0.1 mm deep; valves thin, smooth, not veined, sparsely pilose; style ca. 0.1 mm, equaling apical notch. |
Seeds | ovate, 1.5–2.3 × 1–1.3 mm. |
oblong, 1–1.2 × 0.7–0.8 mm. |
2n | = 32, 64. |
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Lepidium draba |
Lepidium pinnatifidum |
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Phenology | Flowering Apr–Aug. | Flowering May–Jun. |
Habitat | Mountain slopes, roadsides, fields, agricultural lands, stream sides, disturbed grounds, pastures, waste areas | Waste places, disturbed sites |
Elevation | 0-3300 m (0-10800 ft) | 0-600 m (0-2000 ft) |
Distribution |
AZ; CA; CO; CT; DC; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; MA; MD; MI; MN; MO; MT; ND; NE; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; RI; SD; UT; WA; WY; AB; BC; MB; NS; ON; SK; s Europe; sw Asia [Introduced in North America; introduced also in Mexico (Distrito Federal), South America, s Africa, Australia]
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e Europe; w Asia [Introduced, Calif.]
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Discussion | Although Lepidium draba is poorly established and known from old collections in the eastern part of the United States, it has become a noxious weed in several western states. Lepidium draba and its nearest relatives, L. appelianum and L. chalepense, form a monophyletic clade most closely related to L. campestre (K. Mummenhoff et al. 2001). A. Thellung (1906) and C. L. Hitchcock (1936) correctly placed L. draba in Lepidium, as did Linnaeus. The recognition of the first three species in Cardaria and the maintenance of their nearest relative, L. campestre, in Lepidium do not make any sense on both phylogenetic and taxonomic grounds. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Lepidium pinnatifidum apparently has not become a serious weed of the Californian flora. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 7, p. 581. | FNA vol. 7, p. 591. |
Parent taxa | Brassicaceae > tribe Lepidieae > Lepidium | Brassicaceae > tribe Lepidieae > Lepidium |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Cardaria draba, Cochlearia draba, Nasturtium draba | |
Name authority | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 645. (1753) | Ledebour: Fl. Ross. 1: 206. (1841) |
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