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longdisk sneezeweed

southeastern sneezeweed

Habit Annuals, 30–100 cm. Perennials, 30–80 cm.
Stems

usually 1, branched distally, moderately to strongly winged, glabrous or sparsely hairy.

usually 1, usually unbranched distally, weakly winged, glabrous or sparsely to moderately hairy proximally, sparsely to moderately hairy distally.

Leaves

glabrous or sparsely hairy;

blades narrowly elliptic to lance-linear, usually entire;

proximal blades sometimes pinnately lobed.

usually glabrous, rarely sparsely hairy;

basal blades obovate to oblanceolate, usually pinnatifid, sometimes undulate to undulate-serrate, rarely entire;

proximal and mid blades linear-oblanceolate to lance-linear, entire or undulate-serrate;

distal blades lance-linear, entire.

Peduncles

3–13 cm, sparsely to moderately hairy.

3–20 cm, moderately to densely hairy.

Involucres

ovoid to conic, 7–11(–14) × 6–11 mm.

hemispheric, 12–20 × 15–30 mm.

Ray florets

10–15, pistillate, fertile;

corollas yellow, 7–12.4 × 4–8.8 mm.

13–34, neuter;

corollas yellow, 15–22 × 5–8 mm.

Disc florets

225–500+;

corollas yellow proximally, yellow to brown to reddish brown distally, 1.1–1.8 mm, lobes 4.

250–650(–800+);

corollas yellow proximally, yellow to yellow-brown distally, 4–5.5 mm, lobes 5.

Phyllaries

(connate proximally) sparsely to densely hairy.

moderately hairy.

Heads

5–15(–50+) per plant, in paniculiform arrays.

1(–3) per plant, usually borne singly.

Cypselae

0.6–1.2 mm, moderately hairy;

pappi of usually 6 entire, non-aristate scales 0.1–0.3 mm.

1.2–1.4 mm, moderately hairy;

pappi of 8–11 entire or slightly lacerate, non-aristate scales 1.2–1.5 mm.

2n

= 26.

= 32, 34.

Helenium quadridentatum

Helenium pinnatifidum

Phenology Flowering Mar–Jun (year round). Flowering (Feb–)Mar–Apr(–May).
Habitat Sandy or clay soils, ditches, around ponds and lakes, along streams Ditches, other moist areas such as wet woods, bogs, and swamp edges
Elevation 0–1800 m (0–5900 ft) 10–50 m (0–200 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AL; LA; MS; PA; TX; Mexico; West Indies (Cuba); Central America (Belize, Guatemala)
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
FL; GA; NC; SC
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Helenium quadridentatum is introduced in Pennsylvania.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 21, p. 434. FNA vol. 21, p. 429.
Parent taxa Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Gaillardiinae > Helenium Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Gaillardiinae > Helenium
Sibling taxa
H. amarum, H. arizonicum, H. autumnale, H. bigelovii, H. bolanderi, H. brevifolium, H. campestre, H. drummondii, H. elegans, H. flexuosum, H. linifolium, H. microcephalum, H. pinnatifidum, H. puberulum, H. thurberi, H. vernale, H. virginicum
H. amarum, H. arizonicum, H. autumnale, H. bigelovii, H. bolanderi, H. brevifolium, H. campestre, H. drummondii, H. elegans, H. flexuosum, H. linifolium, H. microcephalum, H. puberulum, H. quadridentatum, H. thurberi, H. vernale, H. virginicum
Synonyms Leptopoda pinnatifida
Name authority Labillardière: Actes Soc. Hist. Nat. Paris 1: 22, plate 4. (1792) (Schweinitz ex Nuttall) Rydberg: in N. L. Britton et al., N. Amer. Fl. 34: 130. (1915)
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