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longdisk sneezeweed

Bolander's sneezeweed, coast sneezeweed, coast sneezweed, coastal sneezeweed

Habit Annuals, 30–100 cm. Perennials, 25–140 cm.
Stems

usually 1, branched distally, moderately to strongly winged, glabrous or sparsely hairy.

usually 1, usually unbranched distally, weakly winged, glabrous proximally, sparsely to moderately hairy distally.

Leaves

glabrous or sparsely hairy;

blades narrowly elliptic to lance-linear, usually entire;

proximal blades sometimes pinnately lobed.

glabrous or sparsely hairy;

basal and proximal blades spatulate, entire;

mid and distal blades ovate to oblanceolate to oblong-elliptic, entire.

Peduncles

3–13 cm, sparsely to moderately hairy.

10–30(–50) cm, usually densely hairy (tomentose near involucres).

Involucres

ovoid to conic, 7–11(–14) × 6–11 mm.

depressed hemispheric to globoid, 14–24 × 18–34 mm.

Ray florets

10–15, pistillate, fertile;

corollas yellow, 7–12.4 × 4–8.8 mm.

15–30, pistillate, fertile;

corollas yellow, (12–)16–28(–37) × 6–13(–25) mm.

Disc florets

225–500+;

corollas yellow proximally, yellow to brown to reddish brown distally, 1.1–1.8 mm, lobes 4.

300–750(–1000+);

corollas yellow proximally, yellow to brown to purple distally, 4–5(–5.2) mm, lobes 5.

Phyllaries

(connate proximally) sparsely to densely hairy.

(connate proximally) usually tomentose.

Heads

5–15(–50+) per plant, in paniculiform arrays.

1(–3) per plant, usually borne singly.

Cypselae

0.6–1.2 mm, moderately hairy;

pappi of usually 6 entire, non-aristate scales 0.1–0.3 mm.

1.5–2.5 mm, moderately to densely hairy;

pappi of 6–8 entire, aristate scales (2.5–)3–4.5 mm.

2n

= 26.

= 32.

Helenium quadridentatum

Helenium bolanderi

Phenology Flowering Mar–Jun (year round). Flowering Jun–Sep.
Habitat Sandy or clay soils, ditches, around ponds and lakes, along streams Bogs, seepage areas, wet meadows
Elevation 0–1800 m (0–5900 ft) 30–200 m (100–700 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AL; LA; MS; PA; TX; Mexico; West Indies (Cuba); Central America (Belize, Guatemala)
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
CA; OR
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Helenium quadridentatum is introduced in Pennsylvania.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 21, p. 434. FNA vol. 21, p. 432.
Parent taxa Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Gaillardiinae > Helenium Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Gaillardiinae > Helenium
Sibling taxa
H. amarum, H. arizonicum, H. autumnale, H. bigelovii, H. bolanderi, H. brevifolium, H. campestre, H. drummondii, H. elegans, H. flexuosum, H. linifolium, H. microcephalum, H. pinnatifidum, H. puberulum, H. thurberi, H. vernale, H. virginicum
H. amarum, H. arizonicum, H. autumnale, H. bigelovii, H. brevifolium, H. campestre, H. drummondii, H. elegans, H. flexuosum, H. linifolium, H. microcephalum, H. pinnatifidum, H. puberulum, H. quadridentatum, H. thurberi, H. vernale, H. virginicum
Name authority Labillardière: Actes Soc. Hist. Nat. Paris 1: 22, plate 4. (1792) A. Gray: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 7: 358. (1868)
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