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fringe sneezeweed

savanna sneezeweed, savannah sneezeweed, spring sneezeweed

Habit Perennials, 20–60 cm. Perennials, 30–80 cm.
Stems

usually 1, usually unbranched distally, moderately to strongly winged, glabrous proximally, glabrous or sparsely hairy distally.

usually 1, usually unbranched distally, weakly winged, glabrous proximally, glabrous or sparsely hairy distally.

Leaves

glabrous;

basal blades narrowly obovate to narrowly oblanceolate, usually entire, sometimes undulate-serrate;

proximal and mid blades narrowly lanceolate, usually entire, sometimes undulate-serrate;

distal blades lance-linear, usually entire, rarely undulate-serrate.

usually glabrous, rarely sparsely hairy;

basal blades obovate to narrowly oblanceolate, usually entire or undulate to undulate-serrate;

proximal and mid blades usually narrowly lanceolate to narrowly oblanceolate, usually entire, sometimes toothed;

distal blades lance-linear, entire.

Peduncles

10–30 cm, sparsely hairy.

2–23 cm, usually glabrous, sometimes sparsely hairy.

Involucres

hemispheric to globoid, 10–18 × 15–25 mm.

hemispheric, 10–17 × 15–27 mm.

Ray florets

13–30, neuter;

corollas yellow, 14–25 × 4–10 mm.

13–30, neuter;

corollas yellow, 15–21 × 5–10 mm.

Disc florets

250–650(–1000+);

corollas yellow, 4.3–5.4 mm, lobes 5.

150–650(–800+);

corollas yellow proximally, yellow to yellow-brown distally, 4.6–6 mm, lobes 5.

Phyllaries

sparsely to moderately hairy.

glabrous or sparsely hairy.

Heads

1(–3) per plant, usually borne singly.

1(–3) per plant, usually borne singly.

Cypselae

1.2–1.5 mm, moderately hairy;

pappi of 5–12 deeply lacerate, non-aristate scales 2–3.7 mm.

1–1.5 mm, glabrous;

pappi of usually 8 entire or lacerate, non-aristate scales 1.5–2 mm.

2n

= 32.

= 34.

Helenium drummondii

Helenium vernale

Phenology Flowering (Mar–)Apr(–May). Flowering Mar–May.
Habitat Ditches, other moist areas such as wet woods, bogs, and swamp edges Ditches, other moist areas such as wet woods, bogs, and swamp edges
Elevation 10–50 m (0–200 ft) 10–50 m (0–200 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AR; LA; TX
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AL; FL; GA; LA; MS; NC; SC
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

The name Helenium nuttallii A. Gray is illegitimate; it has been applied to plants treated here as H. vernale.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 21, p. 429. FNA vol. 21, p. 429.
Parent taxa Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Gaillardiinae > Helenium Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Gaillardiinae > Helenium
Sibling taxa
H. amarum, H. arizonicum, H. autumnale, H. bigelovii, H. bolanderi, H. brevifolium, H. campestre, H. elegans, H. flexuosum, H. linifolium, H. microcephalum, H. pinnatifidum, H. puberulum, H. quadridentatum, H. thurberi, H. vernale, H. virginicum
H. amarum, H. arizonicum, H. autumnale, H. bigelovii, H. bolanderi, H. brevifolium, H. campestre, H. drummondii, H. elegans, H. flexuosum, H. linifolium, H. microcephalum, H. pinnatifidum, H. puberulum, H. quadridentatum, H. thurberi, H. virginicum
Synonyms Leptopoda fimbriatum
Name authority H. Rock: Rhodora 59: 173. (1957) Walter: Fl. Carol., 210. (1788)
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