Briza minor |
Briza maxima |
|
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annual quaking grass, little quaking grass, little rattlesnake grass, small quaking grass |
big quaking grass, large quaking grass, rattlesnake grass |
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Habit | Plants annual. | Plants annual. |
Culms | 7.5-80 cm. |
20-80 cm. |
Leaves | evenly distributed; sheaths 1/2-1/4 the length of the internodes, open to near the base, margins hyaline distally; ligules 4-13 mm, sides sometimes decurrent, margins at the base sometimes encasing the culms, truncate to acute; blades 5.5-12 cm long, 1-8(10) mm wide, slightly scabrous. |
evenly distributed; sheaths frequently less than 1/2 as long as the internodes, open to near the base, margins overlapping; ligules 3-7 mm, sides sometimes decurrent, margins entire to erose, acute; blades 2.5-20 cm long, 2-8 mm wide, margins strigose or glabrous. |
Panicles | (2)4-14(18) cm long, to 11 cm wide; pedicels 4-12 mm. |
3.5-10 cm long, mostly 1-5 cm wide; pedicels 5-20 mm. |
Spikelets | (2)3-4(7) mm, triangular to oval, with 4-7(13) florets. |
10-20 mm, oval to elliptic, with 4-12(15) florets. |
Lower glumes | 2-2.5 mm; upper glumes 2-3.5 mm; lowermost lemmas 1.6-2 mm, frequently irregular in shape, becoming hyaline distally, glabrous, sometimes minutely scurfy, veins indistinct; paleas about 1.5 mm, often minutely scurfy; anthers 0.4-0.5 mm. |
5-5.5 mm, 5-veined; upper glumes 6-6.5 mm, 7-veined; lowermost lemmas 7-9 mm, 7-9-veined, surfaces usually glabrous proximally, becoming villous distally, apices obtuse; paleas about 4 mm, more or less ciliolate along the margins; anthers 1.2-1.5 mm. |
Caryopses | 0.8-1 mm, ovoid. |
2-3 mm, obovoid. |
2n | = 10, 14. |
= 10, 14. |
Briza minor |
Briza maxima |
|
Distribution |
AL; AR; CA; CT; DE; FL; GA; ID; IL; LA; MD; MS; NC; NJ; NM; NY; OK; OR; PA; SC; TN; TX; VA; WA; HI; AB; BC
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CA; CO; GA; IL; MI; NJ; NY; OR; VT; WI; HI; AB; BC; ON; QC
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Discussion | Briza minor is native to the Mediterranean region. It is the most widespread species of Briza in the Flora region, growing in many habitats: swamp margins, seasonal wetlands and around vernal pools, open woodlands, sandhills, roadsides, and pastures. It appears to be established from southern British Columbia south through western Oregon to California and Arizona, and in the east from the Atlantic states to the Gulf Coast states, inland to Oklahoma and Arkansas. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Briza maxima is native to the Mediterranean region. Cultivated as an ornamental, it is possibly one of the earliest grasses grown for other than edible purposes. It occasionally becomes naturalized in dry to somewhat moist but well-drained, fine or sandy soil on banks, rocky places, open woodlands, and cultivated areas such as roadsides and pastures. In the Flora region, it is known from scattered locations, mostly in Oregon and California, where it is an invader of coastal dune habitat. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 24, p. 614. | FNA vol. 24, p. 614. |
Parent taxa | Poaceae > subfam. Pooideae > tribe Poeae > Briza | Poaceae > subfam. Pooideae > tribe Poeae > Briza |
Sibling taxa | ||
Name authority | L. | L. |
Web links |
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