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northern-rockcress

narrowfruit braya

Habit Perennials; (sometimes pulvinate, caudex simple or many-branched); scapose or not; usually pubescent or pilose, sometimes glabrous, trichomes short-stalked, forked, subdendritic, or submalpighiaceous, mixed with simple ones (rarely exclusively). Plants not scapose; sparsely to moderately pubescent throughout, trichomes subsessile or sessile, submalpighiaceous, 2-forked, and simple.
Stems

erect to decumbent or ascending, unbranched or branched.

simple or few to several from base, erect, (usually unbranched), (0.4–)0.7–1.4(–1.8) dm.

Leaves

basal and, sometimes, cauline;

petiolate or sessile;

basal rosulate, petiolate, blade margins entire, sinuate, dentate, or, rarely, pinnately lobed;

cauline usually absent, rarely few present, (sub)sessile, blade margins usually entire, rarely dentate or pinnately lobed.

Basal leaves

(without distinct petiole);

blade linear to narrowly spatulate, 0.5–3 cm × 0.5–2(–3) mm, base attenuate or cuneate, margins dentate (with 1 or 2 teeth per side) or entire, apex obtuse, (surfaces glabrous or sparsely pubescent).

Cauline leaves

1–4 (each stem); (subsessile);

blade similar to basal, smaller distally. (Racemes not elongated in fruit.) Fruiting pedicels erect to divaricate, 1–4.5 mm.

Racemes

(corymbose, sometimes bracteate basally or throughout), elongated or not in fruit.

Flowers

sepals [sometimes persistent], oblong [ovate], lateral pair not saccate basally (sometimes slightly so in B. humilis and B. linearis);

petals white, pink, or purple [rarely pale yellow], obovate, oblanceolate, or spatulate, (slightly to much longer than sepals), claw distinct or not, (shorter than sepal, apex obtuse or rounded);

stamens tetradynamous;

filaments dilated or not basally;

anthers ovate or oblong, (apex usually obtuse, sometimes apiculate);

nectar glands (4), lateral, 1 on each side of lateral stamen.

sepals 1.8–2.8 × 1–1.4 mm (sometimes slightly saccate basally);

petals white or purplish (especially claw), (broadly obovate or spatulate), 2.5–3.5(–4) × 1.3–2 mm;

filaments 1.5–2 mm;

anthers oblong, 0.4–0.6 mm.

Fruiting pedicels

erect, divaricate, or ascending, slender (much narrower than fruit).

Fruits

siliques or silicles, sessile, linear, oblong, cylindrical, oval-elliptic, ovoid, lanceoloid, lanceoloid-subulate, or globose, smooth or torulose, terete or slightly latiseptate;

valves each often with prominent midvein, glabrous or pubescent;

replum rounded;

septum complete, (membranous, translucent);

ovules (5–)14–44 per ovary;

stigma capitate, entire or slightly 2-lobed.

linear, more or less torulose, (straight or somewhat curved), (0.5–)0.9–1.2(–1.4) cm × 0.9–1.3 mm (uniform in width);

valves glabrous or sparsely pubescent, trichomes simple and submalpighiaceous;

septum margin not expanded, or not basally;

ovules 20–28 per ovary;

style 0.3–0.5 mm;

stigma weakly 2-lobed to entire.

Seeds

plump, not winged, oblong or ovoid;

seed coat (minutely reticulate), not mucilaginous when wetted;

cotyledons incumbent.

uniseriate to weakly biseriate, oblong, 0.8–1 × 0.3–0.6 mm.

x

= 7.

2n

= 42.

Braya

Braya linearis

Phenology Flowering Jun–Jul.
Habitat Dry or moist calcareous soils and alkaline clays and sands at the margins of evaporation pools on stream bank terraces and moraines
Elevation 0-200 m (0-700 ft)
Distribution
from USDA
North America; n Europe; Asia
[BONAP county map]
from USDA
Greenland; Europe (Scandinavia)
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Species 17 (7 in the flora).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Braya linearis appears to be related to the European and Asian species of the genus. Hybridization studies with B. alpina from the European Alps (T. W. Böcher 1973) produced fertile F1 hybrids. DNA sequence evidence (S. I. Warwick et al. 2004) confirmed the close relationship between B. linearis and B. alpina, but suggested that B. linearis is even more closely related to B. humilis and the Asian B. siliquosa Bunge.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Plants not scapose; cauline leaves (1 or) 2-4; fruits linear; seeds usually uniseriate, rarely weakly biseriate
→ 2
1. Plants scapose; cauline leaves 0 or 1 (or with leaflike bract subtending proximalmost pedicel); fruits ovoid, globose, oval-elliptic, oblong, oblong-elliptic, oblong-lanceoloid, or lanceoloid-subulate, not linear; seeds usually biseriate (uniseriate in B. fernaldii and, sometimes, B. longii)
→ 3
2. Cauline leaves 3 or more; basal leaves (0.3-)0.5-2(-3.5) cm × 1-8(-10) mm; racemes elongated in fruit; fruits (0.9-)1.2-2.5(-3.2) cm
B. humilis
2. Cauline leaves 1-4; basal leaves 0.5-3 cm × 0.5-2(-3) mm; racemes not elongated in fruit; fruits (0.5-)0.9-1.2(-1.4) cm.
B. linearis
3. Fruits ovoid or globose
→ 4
3. Fruits oval-elliptic, oblong, oblong-elliptic, oblong-lanceoloid, or lanceoloid-subulate
→ 5
4. Petals 4.7-6.6 × 3-5.1 mm; styles 1.2-2(-2.5) mm; stems erect to ascending.
B. pilosa
4. Petals 2-3.7 × 1-1.5 mm; styles obsolete to 0.7(-1) mm; stems usually decumbent to prostrate, sometimes ascending.
B. thorild-wulffii
5. Fruits oval-elliptic, oblong-cylindrical, or lanceoloid; septum margins not expanded basally (not forming sacklike pouch around proximalmost seeds); seeds biseriate.
B. glabella
5. Fruits lanceoloid-subulate; septum margins broadly expanded basally (forming sacklike pouch around proximalmost seeds); seeds somewhat to nearly uniseriate
→ 6
6. Fruit valves pubescent; petals 2.4-3.8(-4) × (0.8-)1-1.3(-2) mm, (claws often not well- differentiated from blades).
B. fernaldii
6. Fruit valves glabrous or sparsely pubescent; petals (3-)3.3-4.8(-5) × (1.2-)1.4-2.5(-3) mm, (claws usually well-differentiated from blades).
B. longii
Source FNA vol. 7, p. 546. Author: James G. Harris. FNA vol. 7, p. 550.
Parent taxa Brassicaceae > tribe Euclidieae Brassicaceae > tribe Euclidieae > Braya
Sibling taxa
B. fernaldii, B. glabella, B. humilis, B. longii, B. pilosa, B. thorild-wulffii
Subordinate taxa
B. fernaldii, B. glabella, B. humilis, B. linearis, B. longii, B. pilosa, B. thorild-wulffii
Synonyms Platypetalum
Name authority Sternberg & Hoppe: Denkschr. Königl.-Baier. Bot. Ges. Regensburg 1(1): 65. (1815) Rouy: Ill. Pl. Eur. 11: 84. (1899)
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