Aureolaria |
Aureolaria pectinata |
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false foxglove, yellow false foxglove |
combleaf yellow false foxglove |
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Habit | Herbs, annual or perennial; hemiparasitic, caudex knotted. | Annuals. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Stems | erect, not fleshy, glabrous, sparsely to densely puberulent, densely villous, or glandular-pubescent. |
branched, 3–12 dm, densely white-villous, glandular-pubescent. |
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Leaves | basal and cauline, opposite; petiole present; blade leathery, not fleshy, margins entire, pinnatifid, or 2-pinnatifid. |
petiole 1–8 mm; blade lanceolate, (5–)10–50 x 6–26 mm, margins 2-pinnatifid, sometimes undivided or basal less deeply incised, glandular-pubescent. |
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Bracts | leaflike, 10–16 x 4–10 mm, margins pinnatifid to 2-pinnatifid. |
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Inflorescences | terminal, loose racemes; bracts present. |
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Pedicels | present; bracteoles absent. |
5–20 mm, villous, glandular-pubescent. |
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Flowers | sepals 5, calyx radially symmetric, campanulate or turbinate, lobes linear to deltate, sometimes lanceolate; petals 5, corolla yellow, bilabiate, campanulate, abaxial lobes 3, adaxial 2; stamens 4, didynamous, filaments glabrous or ciliate, anthers villous; staminode 0; ovary 2-locular, placentation axile; stigma truncate. |
calyx villous and glandular-pubescent, tube campanulate, 3–8 mm, lobes linear, 7–15 x 1–3 mm, margins pinnatifid; corolla tube 25–40 mm, gibbous, floccose, lobes 7–11 x 6–15 mm; filaments 12–18 mm, ciliate; style 30–50 mm. |
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Capsules | dehiscence loculicidal. |
pyriform, 11–15 x 5–7 mm, hispid. |
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Seeds | 300–500, brown to blackish, ovoid to deltoid, wings present (absent in A. pedicularia). |
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x | = 14. |
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Aureolaria |
Aureolaria pectinata |
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Phenology | Flowering Jun–Sep. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Habitat | Sandy soils, oak-pine scrubs. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Elevation | 0–700 m. (0–2300 ft.) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Distribution |
e North America; n Mexico; c North America |
AL; AR; FL; GA; KY; LA; MO; MS; NC; OK; SC; TN; TX; VA
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Discussion | Species 8 (7 in the flora). Molecular phylogenetic analysis supports a close relationship of Aureolaria with Agalinis, Esterhazya J. C. Mikan, and Seymeria (J. R. Bennett and S. Mathews 2006). Further evidence for these relationships is similarities in floral morphology among these genera. Aureolaria greggii (S. Watson) Pennell occurs broadly throughout northern Mexico. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Aureolaria pectinata was treated at species rank by F. W. Pennell; some authors have included it within A. pedicularia (for example, R. P. Wunderlin 1998). Although A. pectinata and A. pedicularia bear a close resemblance, they can be separated reliably and recognized as species. While Pennell (1935) recognized four infraspecific taxa, these were distinguished on subtle characteristics that are difficult to discern on herbarium specimens (for example, distal leaves and bracts not excessively smaller versus distal leaves and bracts excessively smaller). No infraspecific taxa are recognized here. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 17, p. 555. | FNA vol. 17, p. 556. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Parent taxa | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Synonyms | Gerardia pedicularia var. pectinata, G. pectinata | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Name authority | Rafinesque: New Fl. 2: 58. (1837) | (Nuttall) Pennell: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 40: 414. (1913) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Web links |