Aureolaria
Aureolaria levigata
false foxglove, yellow false foxglove
entire-leaf yellow false foxglove
erect, not fleshy, glabrous, sparsely to densely puberulent, densely villous, or glandular-pubescent.
simple or branched, 4–25 dm, glabrous, not glaucous.
basal and cauline, opposite;
petiole present;
blade leathery, not fleshy, margins entire, pinnatifid, or 2-pinnatifid.
petiole 2–3 mm;
blade lanceolate to oblong, 15–127 x 4–34 mm, margins entire or serrate, rarely (proximal) pinnatifid, surfaces glabrous.
leaflike, 8–15 x 2–5 mm, margins entire.
terminal, loose racemes;
bracts present.
present;
bracteoles absent.
1–3 mm, glabrous.
sepals 5, calyx radially symmetric, campanulate or turbinate, lobes linear to deltate, sometimes lanceolate;
petals 5, corolla yellow, bilabiate, campanulate, abaxial lobes 3, adaxial 2;
stamens 4, didynamous, filaments glabrous or ciliate, anthers villous;
staminode 0;
ovary 2-locular, placentation axile;
stigma truncate.
calyx glabrous, tube campanulate, 5–7 mm, lobes lanceolate to narrowly deltate, 5–6 x 2–3 mm, margins entire;
corolla tube 19–30 mm, glabrous, lobes 9–11 x 11–16 mm;
filaments 12–20 mm, ciliate;
style 21–29 mm.
dehiscence loculicidal.
ovoid to pyriform, 8–12 x 6–7 mm, glabrous.
300–500, brown to blackish, ovoid to deltoid, wings present (absent in A. pedicularia).
= 14.
= 26.
Aureolaria
Aureolaria levigata
Species 8 (7 in the flora).
Molecular phylogenetic analysis supports a close relationship of Aureolaria with Agalinis, Esterhazya J. C. Mikan, and Seymeria (J. R. Bennett and S. Mathews 2006). Further evidence for these relationships is similarities in floral morphology among these genera.
Aureolaria greggii (S. Watson) Pennell occurs broadly throughout northern Mexico.
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
Aureolaria levigata is disjunct in southwestern Mississippi. The affinity between the floras of the Appalachian and Ozark mountains and the loess hills of southwestern Mississippi is well documented (H. R. Delcourt and P. A. Delcourt 1975).
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
1. Calyx lobe margins crenate or pinnatifid; plants annual. | → 2 |
2. Leaf blade margins 2-pinnatifid, sometimes undivided or basal leaves less deeply incised; calyx tubes campanulate; corolla tubes floccose. | A. pectinata |
2. Leaf blade margins pinnatifid or 2-pinnatifid (first sinus deeper than second when both present); calyx tubes turbinate; corolla tubes glabrous or sparsely pubescent. | A. pedicularia |
1. Calyx lobe margins entire; plants perennial. | → 3 |
3. Stems and leaf blade surfaces sparsely to densely brown-pubescent; capsules densely pubescent. | A. virginica |
3. Stems and leaf blade surfaces glabrous, puberulent, or white-puberulent; capsules glabrous. | → 4 |
4. Leaf blade margins proximally serrate to pinnatifid, entire on distal 1/4–1/. | A. patula |
4. Leaf blade margins entire, serrate, or shallowly to deeply pinnatifid. | → 5 |
5. Stems and leaf blade surfaces puberulent or white-puberulent. | A. grandiflora |
5. Stems and leaf blade surfaces glabrous. | → 6 |
6. Leaf blade margins entire or serrate, rarely proximal leaves pinnatifid. | A. levigata |
6. Leaf blade margins pinnatifid or basal leaves 2-pinnatifid, rarely entire. | A. flava |
WildflowerSearch
iNaturalist
USDA Plants Database
MD Biodiversity
