Burke: Viola selkirkii vs. Viola sempervirens

	Viola selkirkii	Viola sempervirens
	great spurred violet, Selkirk's violet	evergreen violet, redwood violet
Habit		Puberulent perennial from scaly rhizomes, with slender, elongate stolons, the aerial stems up two 5 cm. long.
Leaves		Leaves blades cordate-lanceolate to cordate-ovate, 1-3 cm. broad, thick and leathery, persisting through the winter; petioles 2-10 cm. long; herbage spotted with tiny purplish blotches; stipules brownish, lanceolate, membranous, mostly entire.
Flowers		Flowers 5-15 mm. long, the spur short, saccate; peduncles exceeding the leaves; petals lemon-yellow to gold, the lower 3 purplish-penciled, the lateral pair yellow-bearded; style head short-bearded.
Fruits		Fruit a purplish-mottled, 3-valved capsule, ovary superior, placentation parietal, seeds brown.

	Viola selkirkii	Viola sempervirens
Flowering time	May-July	March-June
Habitat	Damp forests and thickets.	Moist woods from low to middle elevations in the mountains.
Distribution	Occurring east of the Cascades crest in the northeast counties in Washington; Alaska to northesast Washington, east across the northern U.S. and Canada to the Atlantic Coast. [WildflowerSearch map] [BONAP county map]	Occurring west of the Cascades crest and east in the Columbia River Gorge in Washington; British Columbia to California. [WildflowerSearch map] [BONAP county map]
Origin	Native	Native
Conservation status	Not of concern	Not of concern
Sibling taxa	V. adunca, V. arvensis, V. canadensis, V. flettii, V. glabella, V. howellii, V. lanceolata, V. langsdorffii, V. macloskeyi, V. nephrophylla, V. nuttallii, V. odorata, V. orbiculata, V. palustris, V. pluviae, V. purpurea, V. renifolia, V. riviniana, V. sempervirens, V. sheltonii, V. sororia, V. tricolor, V. trinervata, V. ×wittrockiana	V. adunca, V. arvensis, V. canadensis, V. flettii, V. glabella, V. howellii, V. lanceolata, V. langsdorffii, V. macloskeyi, V. nephrophylla, V. nuttallii, V. odorata, V. orbiculata, V. palustris, V. pluviae, V. purpurea, V. renifolia, V. riviniana, V. selkirkii, V. sheltonii, V. sororia, V. tricolor, V. trinervata, V. ×wittrockiana
Web links	Local floras: BC, WA Local Web sites: Flora NW, PNW Herbaria WildflowerSearch iNaturalist (observations) USDA Plants Database LBJ Wildflower Center SEINet Plants of the World Online Encyclopedia of Life Wikipedia Google Image Search	Local floras: BC, CA, OR, WA Local Web sites: CalFlora, CalPhotos, Flora NW, PNW Herbaria, Turner Photog. WildflowerSearch iNaturalist (observations) USDA Plants Database LBJ Wildflower Center SEINet Plants of the World Online Encyclopedia of Life Wikipedia Google Image Search

Viola selkirkii

Viola sempervirens

great spurred violet, Selkirk's violet

evergreen violet, redwood violet

Habit

Puberulent perennial from scaly rhizomes, with slender, elongate stolons, the aerial stems up two 5 cm. long.

Leaves

Leaves blades cordate-lanceolate to cordate-ovate, 1-3 cm. broad, thick and leathery, persisting through the winter;

petioles 2-10 cm. long; herbage spotted with tiny purplish blotches;

stipules brownish, lanceolate, membranous, mostly entire.

Flowers

Flowers 5-15 mm. long, the spur short, saccate;

peduncles exceeding the leaves;

petals lemon-yellow to gold, the lower 3 purplish-penciled, the lateral pair yellow-bearded;

style head short-bearded.

Fruits

Fruit a purplish-mottled, 3-valved capsule, ovary superior, placentation parietal, seeds brown.

Viola selkirkii

Viola sempervirens

Flowering time

May-July

March-June

Habitat

Damp forests and thickets.

Moist woods from low to middle elevations in the mountains.

Distribution

Occurring east of the Cascades crest in the northeast counties in Washington; Alaska to northesast Washington, east across the northern U.S. and Canada to the Atlantic Coast.

[WildflowerSearch map]

[BONAP county map]