Viola arvensis |
Viola palustris |
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European field pansy |
marsh violet |
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Habit | Puberulent, freely-branched annual, 1-3 dm. tall. | Glabrous perennial from slender, widespread rhizomes, with creeping stolons, the petioles and peduncles rising from the rhizomes. |
Leaves | Leaf blades ovate to lanceolate, coarsely round-toothed, 1-3 cm. long, about equaling the petioles; stipules very large, laciniate into 5-9 segments, usually with one leaf-like segment nearly as large as the main blade. |
Leaf blades cordate to reniform, 2.5-3.5 cm. broad, with coarse, rounded teeth; petioles up to 15 cm. long; stipules chaffy, lanceolate, entire. |
Flowers | Flowers long-pedunculate, solitary in the leaf axils, whitish or light yellow with a tinge of blue, the spur short; sepals lanceolate, about as long as the petals; style head copiously short-hairy. |
Flowers 10-13 mm. long, the peduncle about the same length as the leaves; petals white to lilac, the lower 3 purple-penciled, the lateral pair sparsely bearded; style head glabrous, lobed. |
Fruits | Fruit a 3-valved capsule, ovary superior, placentation parieta |
Fruit a 3-valved capsule, ovary superior, placentation parietal, seeds dark brown. |
Viola arvensis |
Viola palustris |
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Flowering time | March-June | May - July |
Habitat | Fields, roadsides, wastelots, and other disturbed areas where escaping from cultivation. | Moist meadows and streambanks, low to mid-elevations in the mountains |
Distribution | Occurring chiefly west of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east across most of North America to the Atlantic Coast.
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Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains, northern Great Plains, northeastern North America, and Eurasia.
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Origin | Introduced from Europe | Native |
Conservation status | Not of concern | Not of concern |
Sibling taxa | ||
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