Burke: Rubus ulmifolius vs. Rubus lasiococcus

	Rubus ulmifolius	Rubus lasiococcus
	elm-leaf blackberry	roughfruit berry, dwarf bramble, hairy-fruit smooth dewberry
Habit		Unarmed, pubescent, trailing perennial with stolonous, freely-rooting, herbaceous stems up to 2 m. long, the erect flowering stems up to 1 dm. long.
Leaves		Leaf blades broadly cordate-reniform, 3-6 cm. broad, shallowly to deeply 3-lobed, the lobes rounded, doubly serrate; 1-3 reduced leaves on the flowering stems.
Flowers		Flowers 1 or 2 on each stem; calyx puberulent, the 5 lobes lanceolate, pointed, 4-7 mm. long, reflexed; petals 5, white, 5-8 mm. long; stamens numerous, pistils 7-15.
Fruits		Drupelets puberulent, juicy, semi-coherent, red, the fruit under 1 cm. broad.

	Rubus ulmifolius	Rubus lasiococcus
Flowering time	May-July	June-August
Habitat	Fields, thickets, forest edge, and other disturbed areas.	Moist to dry woods, lowlands to subalpine.
Distribution	Occurring west of the Cascades crest in Washington; southwestern British Columbia to California and Nevada; also in New Jersey. [WildflowerSearch map] [BONAP county map]	Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest and in the Olympic Mountains in Washington; British Columbia to California. [WildflowerSearch map] [BONAP county map]
Origin	Introduced Europe and northern Africa	Native
Conservation status	Not of concern	Not of concern
Sibling taxa	R. allegheniensis, R. arcticus, R. bifrons, R. idaeus, R. laciniatus, R. lasiococcus, R. leucodermis, R. nigerrimus, R. nivalis, R. parviflorus, R. pedatus, R. pensilvanicus, R. pubescens, R. spectabilis, R. ursinus, R. vestitus	R. allegheniensis, R. arcticus, R. bifrons, R. idaeus, R. laciniatus, R. leucodermis, R. nigerrimus, R. nivalis, R. parviflorus, R. pedatus, R. pensilvanicus, R. pubescens, R. spectabilis, R. ulmifolius, R. ursinus, R. vestitus
Web links	Local floras: CA, OR, WA Local Web sites: CalFlora, CalPhotos, Flora NW, PNW Herbaria WildflowerSearch iNaturalist (observations) USDA Plants Database LBJ Wildflower Center SEINet Plants of the World Online Encyclopedia of Life Wikipedia Google Image Search	Local floras: BC, CA, OR, WA Local Web sites: CalFlora, CalPhotos, Flora NW, PNW Herbaria, Turner Photog. WildflowerSearch iNaturalist (observations) USDA Plants Database LBJ Wildflower Center SEINet Plants of the World Online Encyclopedia of Life Wikipedia Google Image Search

Rubus ulmifolius

Rubus lasiococcus

elm-leaf blackberry

roughfruit berry, dwarf bramble, hairy-fruit smooth dewberry

Habit

Unarmed, pubescent, trailing perennial with stolonous, freely-rooting, herbaceous stems up to 2 m. long, the erect flowering stems up to 1 dm. long.

Leaves

Leaf blades broadly cordate-reniform, 3-6 cm. broad, shallowly to deeply 3-lobed, the lobes rounded, doubly serrate; 1-3 reduced leaves on the flowering stems.

Flowers

Flowers 1 or 2 on each stem;

calyx puberulent, the 5 lobes lanceolate, pointed, 4-7 mm. long, reflexed;

petals 5, white, 5-8 mm. long;

stamens numerous, pistils 7-15.

Fruits

Drupelets puberulent, juicy, semi-coherent, red, the fruit under 1 cm. broad.