Burke: Erythranthe geniculata vs. Erythranthe cardinalis

	Erythranthe geniculata	Erythranthe cardinalis
		scarlet monkey-flower
Habit		Rhizomatous perennials; stems 25-75 cm, usually erect or curving upward, branched, somewhat glandular-villous or becoming glabrous.
Leaves		Leaves typically cauline; sessile; blade ovate to elliptic to obovate, 20-90 mm long and 10-38 mm broad, palmate venation, base acuminate and nearly clasping, margins irregularly toothed, apex acute, surfaces hairy as stems.
Flowers		Axillary flowers 2-12, emerging from leaf axes at mid- to ends of stem; fruiting pedicels generally 30-90 mm; calyx cylindric to nearly bell-shaped, not inflated, 17-28 mm, hairy or bristly-hairy, lobes 4-7 mm, ovate to nearly deltate, apex attenuate-acute; corollas red to orangish red or rarely yellow, throat yellowish with red stripes, palate red, yellow-villous and not spotted or striped, symmetric bilaterally, distinctly bilabiate; tube-throat funnel-shaped, generally 20-30 mm, protruding beyond calyx margin; throat open; styles glabrous; anthers protruding, white-hairy, thecae spreading.
Fruits		Capsules 10-16 mm, included.

	Erythranthe geniculata	Erythranthe cardinalis
Flowering time		May-August
Habitat		Streambanks, where escaped from cultivation.
Distribution	[WildflowerSearch map]	Occurring east of the Cascades crest in Washington; Washington to California, east to the southern Rocky Mountains. [WildflowerSearch map]
Origin		Introduced
Conservation status		Not of concern
Sibling taxa	E. alsinoides, E. ampliata, E. arvensis, E. breviflora, E. breweri, E. caespitosa, E. cardinalis, E. decora, E. dentata, E. floribunda, E. grandis, E. guttata, E. inflatula, E. jungermannioides, E. lewisii, E. microphylla, E. moschata, E. nasuta, E. patula, E. primuloides, E. ptilota, E. pulsiferae, E. scouleri, E. suksdorfii, E. washingtonensis	E. alsinoides, E. ampliata, E. arvensis, E. breviflora, E. breweri, E. caespitosa, E. decora, E. dentata, E. floribunda, E. grandis, E. guttata, E. inflatula, E. jungermannioides, E. lewisii, E. microphylla, E. moschata, E. nasuta, E. patula, E. primuloides, E. ptilota, E. pulsiferae, E. scouleri, E. suksdorfii, E. washingtonensis
Web links	Local floras: CA Local Web sites: CalFlora, CalPhotos, Flora NW, PNW Herbaria WildflowerSearch iNaturalist (observations) LBJ Wildflower Center SEINet Plants of the World Online Encyclopedia of Life Wikipedia Google Image Search	Local floras: CA, OR, WA Local Web sites: CalFlora, CalPhotos, Flora NW, PNW Herbaria WildflowerSearch iNaturalist (observations) USDA Plants Database LBJ Wildflower Center SEINet Plants of the World Online Encyclopedia of Life Wikipedia Google Image Search

Erythranthe geniculata

Erythranthe cardinalis

scarlet monkey-flower

Habit

Rhizomatous perennials; stems 25-75 cm, usually erect or curving upward, branched, somewhat glandular-villous or becoming glabrous.

Leaves

Leaves typically cauline; sessile;

blade ovate to elliptic to obovate, 20-90 mm long and 10-38 mm broad, palmate venation, base acuminate and nearly clasping, margins irregularly toothed, apex acute, surfaces hairy as stems.

Flowers

Axillary flowers 2-12, emerging from leaf axes at mid- to ends of stem; fruiting pedicels generally 30-90 mm;

calyx cylindric to nearly bell-shaped, not inflated, 17-28 mm, hairy or bristly-hairy, lobes 4-7 mm, ovate to nearly deltate, apex attenuate-acute;

corollas red to orangish red or rarely yellow, throat yellowish with red stripes, palate red, yellow-villous and not spotted or striped, symmetric bilaterally, distinctly bilabiate;

tube-throat funnel-shaped, generally 20-30 mm, protruding beyond calyx margin;

throat open;

styles glabrous;

anthers protruding, white-hairy, thecae spreading.

Fruits

Capsules 10-16 mm, included.