Burke: Arnica latifolia vs. Arnica longifolia

	Arnica latifolia	Arnica longifolia
	broad-leaved arnica, mountain arnica, daffodil leopardbane	longleaf arnica, seep spring arnica, spear-leaf leopardbane
Habit	Perennial, 1-6 dm. tall, glandular at least above.	Densely tufted perennial, often in large patches, from a short rhizome; many sterile, leafy stems; flowering stems leafy, 3-6 dm. high.
Leaves	Broad, long-petiolate basal leaves sometimes on short separate stalks; cauline leaves 2-4 pairs, lance-elliptic or broader, rarely cordate, more or less toothed, 2-14 cm. long and 1-8 cm. wide, the middle ones larger than the lower.	Leaves opposite, 5-7 pairs, the lower sheathing, with reduced blade; other leaves nearly sessile, only slightly reduced upward, lanceolate or lance-elliptic with a pointed tip, entire, 5-12 cm. long and 1-2 cm. wide; no basal leaves.
Flowers	Heads 1-several; involucre 7-18 mm. high, more or less glandular; pappus white, barbellate.	Heads several to many; involucre 7-10 mm. high, the bracts sharply pointed; rays 8-13, yellow, pistillate, 1-2 cm. long; disk flowers yellow; pappus tawny, barbellate.
Fruits	Achenes glabrous, at least toward the base.	Achenes glandular and hairy or sub-glabrous.

	Arnica latifolia	Arnica longifolia
Identification notes	The similar Arnica cordifolia has larger heads, frequently solitary; its leaves and achenes are pubescent.
Flowering time	June-August	July-September
Habitat	Common in forest openings and meadows, and open, rocky areas from middle to high elevations in the mountains.	Rocky soil in seeps or springs, cliffs, or riverbanks, from middle elevations to the alpine.
Distribution	Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; Alaska to California, east to the Rocky Mountains. [WildflowerSearch map] [BONAP county map]	Occurring on both sides of the Cascades crest in Washington; British Columbia to California, east to the Rocky Mountains. [WildflowerSearch map] [BONAP county map]
Origin	Native	Native
Conservation status	Not of concern	Not of concern
Sibling taxa	A. chamissonis, A. cordifolia, A. discoidea, A. fulgens, A. gracilis, A. lanceolata, A. longifolia, A. mollis, A. nevadensis, A. ovata, A. parryi, A. rydbergii, A. sororia	A. chamissonis, A. cordifolia, A. discoidea, A. fulgens, A. gracilis, A. lanceolata, A. latifolia, A. mollis, A. nevadensis, A. ovata, A. parryi, A. rydbergii, A. sororia
Web links	Local floras: BC, CA, OR, WA Local Web sites: CalFlora, CalPhotos, Flora NW, PNW Herbaria, Turner Photog. WildflowerSearch iNaturalist (observations) USDA Plants Database LBJ Wildflower Center SEINet Plants of the World Online Encyclopedia of Life Wikipedia Google Image Search	Local floras: BC, CA, OR, WA Local Web sites: CalFlora, CalPhotos, Flora NW, PNW Herbaria, Turner Photog. WildflowerSearch iNaturalist (observations) USDA Plants Database LBJ Wildflower Center SEINet Plants of the World Online Encyclopedia of Life Wikipedia Google Image Search

Arnica longifolia

broad-leaved arnica, mountain arnica, daffodil leopardbane

longleaf arnica, seep spring arnica, spear-leaf leopardbane

Habit

Perennial, 1-6 dm. tall, glandular at least above.

Densely tufted perennial, often in large patches, from a short rhizome; many sterile, leafy stems; flowering stems leafy, 3-6 dm. high.

Leaves

Broad, long-petiolate basal leaves sometimes on short separate stalks; cauline leaves 2-4 pairs, lance-elliptic or broader, rarely cordate, more or less toothed, 2-14 cm. long and 1-8 cm. wide, the middle ones larger than the lower.

Leaves opposite, 5-7 pairs, the lower sheathing, with reduced blade; other leaves nearly sessile, only slightly reduced upward, lanceolate or lance-elliptic with a pointed tip, entire, 5-12 cm. long and 1-2 cm. wide; no basal leaves.

Flowers

Heads 1-several;

involucre 7-18 mm. high, more or less glandular;

pappus white, barbellate.

Heads several to many;

involucre 7-10 mm. high, the bracts sharply pointed;

rays 8-13, yellow, pistillate, 1-2 cm. long;

disk flowers yellow;

pappus tawny, barbellate.

Fruits

Achenes glabrous, at least toward the base.

Achenes glandular and hairy or sub-glabrous.