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yellow flag, yellow water iris

Oregon iris, tough-leaf iris

Habit Herbs to 150 cm tall. Herbs to 30 cm tall.
Roots

fleshy;

rhizomes pink, freely branching, producing extensive clumps with remains of old leaves.

fibrous;

rhizomes slender, branched, forming dense clumps.

Stems

usually 1-branched.

slender, unbranched.

Leaves

deciduous; stiff; erect at first then recurved;

blades dark green with prominent median thickening, 20–30 mm wide;

cauline leaves equal in height to inflorescence.

deciduous;

basal leaves slender, approximately 5 mm wide; longer than stem, light green; pinkish basally;

cauline leaves reduced, clasping basally then spreading.

Inflorescences

4–12-flowered;

bracts subequal, green with brown margins; outer bract strongly keeled.

1(2)-flowered;

bracts narrow; open, attached up to 3 cm apart; outer longer than inner.

Flowers

perianth bright yellow or cream; signal a darker yellow basal patch delimited by short, brown lines;

petals without veining;

tube 12–13 mm;

stigmas rounded with prominent tongue.

purple, pink, lavender, cream, yellow, or white;

floral tube less than 10 mm long;

style tips rounded, reflexed, toothed;

stigmas triangular.

Fruits

angled, with obvious groove at each angle.

triangular in cross section, prominently ribbed.

Seeds

D-shaped, flattened; corky, lustrous.

brown, wrinkled.

2n

=24, 30, 32, 34.

Iris pseudacorus

Iris tenax

Distribution
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Swamps, wet shores of rivers and lakes, irrigation ditches. Flowering May–Jun. 0–1000 m. BW, CR, Est, Lava, WV. CA, ID, NV, WA; throughout North America; northern Africa, Eurasia. Exotic.

A native to Eurasia and Africa, this taxon is considered invasive in Oregon.

2 varieties.

Iris tenax hybridizes with I. bracteata, I. chrysophylla, I. douglasiana, and I. innominata.

Source Flora of Oregon, volume 1, page 261
Ann Willyard
Flora of Oregon, volume 1, page 262
Ann Willyard
Sibling taxa
I. bracteata, I. chrysophylla, I. douglasiana, I. germanica, I. innominata, I. missouriensis, I. tenax, I. tenuis, I. tenuissima
I. bracteata, I. chrysophylla, I. douglasiana, I. germanica, I. innominata, I. missouriensis, I. pseudacorus, I. tenuis, I. tenuissima
Subordinate taxa
I. tenax var. gormanii, I. tenax var. tenax
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