Cynodon dactylon |
Cynodon |
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bermudagrass |
bermudagrass |
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Habit | Plants 5–40(50)cm tall. | Plants perennial; stoloniferous and often also rhizomatous, often turf-forming. |
Leaves | sheaths glabrous or with scattered hairs; blades 1–6(16)cm × (1)2–4(5)mm; flat or folded, glabrous or upper adaxial surface with spreading hairs. |
sheaths open, ligules of hairs or membranous; blades flat, folded, or involute. |
Inflorescences | with 1 whorl of (3)4–7(9) spike-like branches 1.4–6 cm × 1–2 mm; spikelets in 2 rows on one side of each branch. |
panicles with spike-like branches attached at approximately the same point like spokes of an umbrella; branches 1-sided, with 2 rows of solitary, appressed, overlapping spikelets. |
Spikelets | 2–3.2 mm. |
laterally compressed, with 1(3) florets (if more than one, only the lowest fertile); disarticulation above the glumes. |
Glumes | 1-veined; lower glumes 1.2–2 mm; upper glumes 1.4–2.3 mm. |
shorter than the lemmas, keeled, 1-veined or the upper sometimes 3-veined, sometimes short-awned. |
Lemmas | 1.9–3.1 mm, 3-veined, usually densely pubescent on the keel, sometimes pubescent on the margins; awnless. |
keeled, sometimes winged; tip pointed. |
Anthers | about 1 mm, dehiscent. |
3. |
2n | =36. |
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Cynodon dactylon |
Cynodon |
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Distribution | ||
Discussion | Lawns, waste areas in urban areas and sandbars on rivers. 0–1200 m. Col, Est, Lava, Sisk, WV. CA, ID, NV, WA; throughout most of North America; worldwide. Exotic. This grass is commonly planted for forage, lawns, and erosion control in warm climates. It readily escapes, usually in disturbed urban settings and along transportation corridors but sometimes into more natural habitats. Cynodon dactylon is highly diverse in inflorescence branch length, branch number, and lemma hairiness. |
Warmer regions worldwide. 9 species; 1 species treated in Flora. Cynodon species are widely planted as lawn and pasture grasses. Some of the cultivated forms are derived from hybrids between C. dactylon and C. transvaalensis. These hybrids are smaller plants than C. dactylon with narrower leaf blades, fewer panicle branches, and anthers that are indehiscent at maturity. |
Source | Flora of Oregon, volume 1, page 384 Barbara Wilson, Richard Brainerd, Nick Otting |
Flora of Oregon, volume 1, page 384 Barbara Wilson, Richard Brainerd, Nick Otting |
Subordinate taxa | ||
Synonyms | Cynodon dactylon var. aridus, Cynodon dactylon var. dactylon | |
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