Cardamine nuttallii |
Cardamine pattersonii |
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Nuttall's toothwort, slender toothwort |
Saddle Mountain bittercress |
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Habit | Plants perennial, glabrous or pubescent; rhizomes slender, tuberous, segmented, producing fragile segments, ovoid, oblong, or cylindrical, 2–5 mm in diameter, nodes fleshy. | Plants annual or short-lived perennial, glabrous; rhizomes cylindrical, slender, 0.5–1.5 mm in diameter. |
Stems | erect, 0.5–2(3) dm; simple, bases above ground much wider than attachment to rhizome. |
not flexuous, 6–30 cm. |
Basal leaves | rosulate or not, 3–5-foliolate, 1–6 cm; terminal leaflets obovate to orbicular or subcordate, 0.3–1.5(2) × 0.25–1.6(1.8) cm, bases obtuse or cordate; margins entire, dentate, or sinuate; lateral leaflets considerably smaller. |
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Rhizomal leaves | simple or 3(5)-foliolate; (3)4–20(25) cm; blades or terminal leaflets reniform, suborbicular; ovate, or oblong; (0.9)1.3–4(5.2) × (0.8)1.2–5(7) cm, often with purple spots, bases cordate to obtuse; margins apiculate-dentate or 5–7-lobed. |
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Cauline leaves | 1–3, pinnately or palmately compound, 3(5)-foliolate, bases not auriculate; terminal leaflets ovate, oblong, or linear; (0.5)1–3.5(6) cm; lateral leaflets smaller; entire, dentate, or lobed. |
2–4 below raceme, 3–5-foliolate, bases not auriculate. |
Inflorescences | bracts 0, fruiting pedicels ascending to divaricate, 1–3.5 cm. |
with bracts throughout, fruiting pedicels divaricate-ascending; (10)15–30(45) mm. |
Flowers | sepals erect, oblong, 3.5–5 mm; lateral pair saccate; petals obovate, 10–15 × 4–7.5 mm, purple to pale pink, rarely white, not clawed; tips rounded; ovules 8–16 per ovary; styles 4–8 mm. |
sepals oblong, 2–3 mm; lateral pair not saccate; petals obovate, 6–9 × 3–4 mm, purple or pink, not clawed; ovules 14–20 per ovary; styles 2–4 mm. |
Fruits | 25–56 × 2–2.3 mm, glabrous. |
20–30 × 1–1.5 mm, glabrous. |
Seeds | oblong, 2–2.5 × 1.4–1.6 mm. |
oblong to ovate, 1.7–2.2 × 1–1.5 mm, distally winged. |
Cardamine nuttallii |
Cardamine pattersonii |
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Distribution | ||
Discussion | Damp woods, shaded bottomlands and hillsides, mossy slopes, streamsides. Flowering Mar–Jul. 0–2000 m. Casc, Col, CR, ECas, Est, Sisk, WV. CA, WA; north to British Columbia. Native. |
Moist mossy cliffs, rocky slopes, banks. Flowering Apr–Jun. 200–1000 m. CR. Native. Endemic to Oregon. The species is known only from a limited number of collections, all made in northwestern Oregon. |
Source | Flora of Oregon, volume 2 draft Ihsan Al-Shehbaz |
Flora of Oregon, volume 2, page 466 Ihsan Al-Shehbaz |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Cardamine nuttallii var. covilleana, Cardamine nuttallii var. dissecta, Cardamine nuttallii var. gemmata, Cardamine nuttallii var. nuttallii, Cardamine pulcherrima, Cardamine pulcherrima var. pulcherrima, Cardamine pulcherrima var. tenella, Dentaria gemmata, Dentaria tenella, Dentaria tenella var. pulcherrima, Dentaria tenella var. quercetorum, Dentaria tenella var. tenella | |
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