Flora of North America species comparison

leaves irregularly twisted or curved, loosely spiraled around stem and ± undulate when dry, spreading to wide-spreading, sometimes subsquarrose, recurved when moist, oblong-lanceolate to broadly lanceolate, 0.7–2 mm;

margins entire to ± sharply serrulate near apex;

apex sharply acute, apiculus usually present;

costa ending near apex, abaxial surface smooth or covered by cells only at apex;

basal laminal cells short-rectangular;

distal cells 5–11 µm, papillae 3–6 per cell, walls somewhat thick.

leaves loosely erect and ± spirally twisted to somewhat contorted, sometimes falcate-secund at stem apices when dry, erect-spreading to spreading when moist, lanceolate, narrowly so, elongate-lanceolate, oblong-lanceolate, or linear-lanceolate, 1–2 mm;

margins entire or irregularly serrulate or serrate near apex, somewhat wavy;

apex acute with gradual apiculus, apiculate, short-apiculate, or short-acuminate;

costa ending below apex, abaxial surface covered by quadrate papillose cells distally;

basal laminal cells subquadrate to rectangular;

distal cells 7–11 µm, papillae 2–4 per cell, walls somewhat thick.

synoicous or autoicous.

dioicous.

17–22 µm.

asexual reproduction by clavate to elliptic gemmae, longitudinal walls usually absent.

asexual reproduction by clavate, elliptic, or subcylindric gemmae, longitudinal walls present or absent.

unknown.