Zinnia grandiflora |
Zinnia violacea |
|
---|---|---|
plains or Rocky Mountain zinnia, plains zinnia, Rocky Mountain zinnia, Rocky Mountains zinnia |
elegant zinnia, garden zinnia |
|
Habit | Subshrubs, 8–22 cm (rounded or flat-topped). | Annuals, to 100(–200) cm. |
Stems | greenish, much branched, strigillose. |
greenish, becoming yellowish to purplish, unbranched or sparingly branched distal to bases, hirsute to strigose or scabrous. |
Leaf | blades 1- or 3-nerved (some larger leaves), linear, 10–30 × 2–3 mm, strigose to scabrous. |
blades 3–5-nerved, ovate to oblong, mostly 60–100 × 20–60 mm, scabrellous to glabrate. |
Peduncles | to 11 mm. |
to 85 mm. |
Involucres | narrowly campanulate to cylindric, 5–8 × 5–8 mm. |
± hemispheric or broader, 10–15 × 5–25 mm. |
Ray florets | 3–6; corollas bright yellow, laminae ovate to orbiculate, mostly 10–18 mm. |
8–21 (more in “double” cultivars); corollas usually red (white, yellow, or purple in cultivars), laminae spatulate to obovate, 10–35 mm. |
Disc florets | 18–24; corollas red or green, to 10 mm, lobes 1 mm. |
100–150+; corollas yellow, 7–9 mm, lobes 1–2.5 mm. |
Phyllaries | oblong, often becoming scarious, glabrous or appressed-hairy distally, apices obtuse, erose-ciliate (red-tipped). |
obovate, becoming scarious, glabrous or sparsely hairy, apices rounded, erose or fimbriate. |
Cypselae | 4–5 mm, 3-angled (ray) or angular or compressed (disc), ribbed, scabrellous; pappi 0 or of (1–)2(–4) unequal awns. |
6–10 mm, 3-angled (ray) or ± compressed (disc), not or faintly ribbed, ciliolate; pappi 0. |
Paleae | yellowish (often red-tipped), apices obtuse, erose. |
red to purple, apices rounded to acute, fimbriate. |
2n | = 42. |
= 24. |
Zinnia grandiflora |
Zinnia violacea |
|
Phenology | Flowering spring–fall. | Flowering summer–fall. |
Habitat | Dry, often slopes, mesas, shortgrass prairies, calcareous soils | Disturbed sites |
Elevation | 600–2200 m (2000–7200 ft) | 0–500? m (0–1600? ft) |
Distribution |
AZ; CO; KS; NM; OK; TX; Mexico (Chihuahua, Coahuila, Sonora, Zacatecas)
|
CT; FL; GA; KY; LA; NC; OH; PA; SC; TX; Mexico; Central America; West Indies (Cuba); South America (Bolivia) [Introduced in North America; also introduced in Asia] |
Discussion | Zinnia violacea is perhaps adventive in Costa Rica, Panama, Cuba, Bolivia, China, and Malesia. The most widely cultivated Zinnia, it is reported to have escaped from cultivation and apparently naturalized in ten eastern and southern states but is nowhere common in the flora area. It is not as weedy as Z. peruviana, possibly because it lacks awns and thus is not as easily dispersed by animals. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
|
Source | FNA vol. 21, p. 73. | FNA vol. 21, p. 73. |
Parent taxa | Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Ecliptinae > Zinnia | Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Ecliptinae > Zinnia |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Z. elegans | |
Name authority | Nuttall: Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc., n. s. 7: 348. (1840) | Cavanilles: Icon. 1: 57, plate 81. (1791) |
Web links |