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plains or Rocky Mountain zinnia, plains zinnia, Rocky Mountain zinnia, Rocky Mountains zinnia

Peruvian zinnia

Habit Subshrubs, 8–22 cm (rounded or flat-topped). Annuals, mostly 30–50(–100) cm.
Stems

greenish, much branched, strigillose.

greenish, becoming purplish or yellowish, unbranched or sparingly branched distal to bases, strigose.

Leaf

blades 1- or 3-nerved (some larger leaves), linear, 10–30 × 2–3 mm, strigose to scabrous.

blades 3–5-nerved, ovate to elliptic or broadly lanceolate, 25–70 × 8–35 mm, scabrellous.

Peduncles

to 11 mm.

10–50(–70) mm.

Involucres

narrowly campanulate to cylindric, 5–8 × 5–8 mm.

narrowly to broadly campanulate, 9–18 × 10–20 mm.

Ray florets

3–6;

corollas bright yellow, laminae ovate to orbiculate, mostly 10–18 mm.

6–15(–21);

corollas usually scarlet red or maroon, sometimes yellow, laminae linear to spatulate, 8–25 mm.

Disc florets

18–24;

corollas red or green, to 10 mm, lobes 1 mm.

12–50;

corollas yellow, 5–6 mm, lobes ca. 1 mm.

Phyllaries

oblong, often becoming scarious, glabrous or appressed-hairy distally, apices obtuse, erose-ciliate (red-tipped).

obovate to oblong, becoming scarious, glabrous, apices rounded, usually entire or erose, sometimes ciliate.

Cypselae

4–5 mm, 3-angled (ray) or angular or compressed (disc), ribbed, scabrellous;

pappi 0 or of (1–)2(–4) unequal awns.

7–10 mm, 3-angled (ray) or compressed (disc), ribbed, ciliate;

pappi usually of 1 stout awn 4–6 mm (from shoulders of cypselae).

Paleae

yellowish (often red-tipped), apices obtuse, erose.

red to purple or yellow, apices obtuse, erose or subentire.

2n

= 42.

= 24.

Zinnia grandiflora

Zinnia peruviana

Phenology Flowering spring–fall. Flowering summer–fall.
Habitat Dry, often slopes, mesas, shortgrass prairies, calcareous soils Rocky roadsides, ravines, calcareous soils
Elevation 600–2200 m (2000–7200 ft) 1200–1600 m (3900–5200 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AZ; CO; KS; NM; OK; TX; Mexico (Chihuahua, Coahuila, Sonora, Zacatecas)
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AZ; FL; GA; NC; SC; Mexico; Central America; South America; West Indies (Hispaniola) [Introduced in Asia (China), South Africa, Australia]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Zinnia peruviana is presumably native in southern Arizona and reported as naturalized in southeastern United States.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 21, p. 73. FNA vol. 21, p. 73.
Parent taxa Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Ecliptinae > Zinnia Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Ecliptinae > Zinnia
Sibling taxa
Z. acerosa, Z. anomala, Z. peruviana, Z. violacea
Z. acerosa, Z. anomala, Z. grandiflora, Z. violacea
Synonyms Chrysogonum peruvianum, Z. multiflora
Name authority Nuttall: Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc., n. s. 7: 348. (1840) (Linnaeus) Linnaeus: Syst. Nat. ed. 10, 2: 1221. (1759)
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