Zinnia acerosa |
Zinnia peruviana |
|
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desert or shrubby or southern zinnia, desert zinnia |
Peruvian zinnia |
|
Habit | Subshrubs, to 16 cm (rounded or flat-topped). | Annuals, mostly 30–50(–100) cm. |
Stems | greenish to gray, much branched, pilose. |
greenish, becoming purplish or yellowish, unbranched or sparingly branched distal to bases, strigose. |
Leaf | blades 1-nerved, linear to acerose, 8–20 × 1–2 mm, scabrous to glabrescent. |
blades 3–5-nerved, ovate to elliptic or broadly lanceolate, 25–70 × 8–35 mm, scabrellous. |
Peduncles | 5–35 mm. |
10–50(–70) mm. |
Involucres | campanulate, 3–5 × 5–7 mm. |
narrowly to broadly campanulate, 9–18 × 10–20 mm. |
Ray florets | 4–7; corollas usually white, sometimes pale yellow, laminae oblong to suborbiculate, 7–10 mm. |
6–15(–21); corollas usually scarlet red or maroon, sometimes yellow, laminae linear to spatulate, 8–25 mm. |
Disc florets | 8–13; corollas yellow or tinged with purple (drying reddish), 3–6 mm, lobes 1 mm. |
12–50; corollas yellow, 5–6 mm, lobes ca. 1 mm. |
Phyllaries | suborbiculate to oblong, becoming scarious proximally, appressed-hairy distally, apices obtuse, ciliate. |
obovate to oblong, becoming scarious, glabrous, apices rounded, usually entire or erose, sometimes ciliate. |
Cypselae | 2.4–4 mm, 3-angled (ray) or compressed (disc), ribbed, strigose or distally ciliate; pappi usually of 1–3 unequal awns, sometimes reduced to teeth. |
7–10 mm, 3-angled (ray) or compressed (disc), ribbed, ciliate; pappi usually of 1 stout awn 4–6 mm (from shoulders of cypselae). |
Paleae | uniformly yellow, apices obtuse, erose. |
red to purple or yellow, apices obtuse, erose or subentire. |
2n | = 20, 40, or 22. |
= 24. |
Zinnia acerosa |
Zinnia peruviana |
|
Phenology | Flowering spring–fall. | Flowering summer–fall. |
Habitat | Rocky open slopes, flats, calcareous soils | Rocky roadsides, ravines, calcareous soils |
Elevation | 700–1900 m (2300–6200 ft) | 1200–1600 m (3900–5200 ft) |
Distribution |
AZ; NM; TX; Mexico (Chihuahua, Coahuila, Durango, Nuevo León, San Luis Potosí, Sonora, Zacatecas)
|
AZ; FL; GA; NC; SC; Mexico; Central America; South America; West Indies (Hispaniola) [Introduced in Asia (China), South Africa, Australia]
|
Discussion | Attribution of Zinnia acerosa to Utah (S. L. Welsh et al. 1993) was based on Atwood et al. 9704 (BRY), from Moab, Grand County; the specimen was indicated as “possibly cultivated” by the collector, and it is well outside the known range of the species. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Zinnia peruviana is presumably native in southern Arizona and reported as naturalized in southeastern United States. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 21, p. 72. | FNA vol. 21, p. 73. |
Parent taxa | Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Ecliptinae > Zinnia | Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Ecliptinae > Zinnia |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Diplothrix acerosa, Z. pumila | Chrysogonum peruvianum, Z. multiflora |
Name authority | (de Candolle) A. Gray: Smithsonian Contr. Knowl. 3(5): 105. (1852) | (Linnaeus) Linnaeus: Syst. Nat. ed. 10, 2: 1221. (1759) |
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