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desert or shrubby or southern zinnia, desert zinnia

Peruvian zinnia

Habit Subshrubs, to 16 cm (rounded or flat-topped). Annuals, mostly 30–50(–100) cm.
Stems

greenish to gray, much branched, pilose.

greenish, becoming purplish or yellowish, unbranched or sparingly branched distal to bases, strigose.

Leaf

blades 1-nerved, linear to acerose, 8–20 × 1–2 mm, scabrous to glabrescent.

blades 3–5-nerved, ovate to elliptic or broadly lanceolate, 25–70 × 8–35 mm, scabrellous.

Peduncles

5–35 mm.

10–50(–70) mm.

Involucres

campanulate, 3–5 × 5–7 mm.

narrowly to broadly campanulate, 9–18 × 10–20 mm.

Ray florets

4–7;

corollas usually white, sometimes pale yellow, laminae oblong to suborbiculate, 7–10 mm.

6–15(–21);

corollas usually scarlet red or maroon, sometimes yellow, laminae linear to spatulate, 8–25 mm.

Disc florets

8–13;

corollas yellow or tinged with purple (drying reddish), 3–6 mm, lobes 1 mm.

12–50;

corollas yellow, 5–6 mm, lobes ca. 1 mm.

Phyllaries

suborbiculate to oblong, becoming scarious proximally, appressed-hairy distally, apices obtuse, ciliate.

obovate to oblong, becoming scarious, glabrous, apices rounded, usually entire or erose, sometimes ciliate.

Cypselae

2.4–4 mm, 3-angled (ray) or compressed (disc), ribbed, strigose or distally ciliate;

pappi usually of 1–3 unequal awns, sometimes reduced to teeth.

7–10 mm, 3-angled (ray) or compressed (disc), ribbed, ciliate;

pappi usually of 1 stout awn 4–6 mm (from shoulders of cypselae).

Paleae

uniformly yellow, apices obtuse, erose.

red to purple or yellow, apices obtuse, erose or subentire.

2n

= 20, 40, or 22.

= 24.

Zinnia acerosa

Zinnia peruviana

Phenology Flowering spring–fall. Flowering summer–fall.
Habitat Rocky open slopes, flats, calcareous soils Rocky roadsides, ravines, calcareous soils
Elevation 700–1900 m (2300–6200 ft) 1200–1600 m (3900–5200 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AZ; NM; TX; Mexico (Chihuahua, Coahuila, Durango, Nuevo León, San Luis Potosí, Sonora, Zacatecas)
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AZ; FL; GA; NC; SC; Mexico; Central America; South America; West Indies (Hispaniola) [Introduced in Asia (China), South Africa, Australia]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Attribution of Zinnia acerosa to Utah (S. L. Welsh et al. 1993) was based on Atwood et al. 9704 (BRY), from Moab, Grand County; the specimen was indicated as “possibly cultivated” by the collector, and it is well outside the known range of the species.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Zinnia peruviana is presumably native in southern Arizona and reported as naturalized in southeastern United States.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 21, p. 72. FNA vol. 21, p. 73.
Parent taxa Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Ecliptinae > Zinnia Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Ecliptinae > Zinnia
Sibling taxa
Z. anomala, Z. grandiflora, Z. peruviana, Z. violacea
Z. acerosa, Z. anomala, Z. grandiflora, Z. violacea
Synonyms Diplothrix acerosa, Z. pumila Chrysogonum peruvianum, Z. multiflora
Name authority (de Candolle) A. Gray: Smithsonian Contr. Knowl. 3(5): 105. (1852) (Linnaeus) Linnaeus: Syst. Nat. ed. 10, 2: 1221. (1759)
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