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sheath death camas

foothill death camas, sand-corn

Habit Plants 4–6 dm, from bulbs; bulbs not clumped, tunicate, narrowly ovoid, 3–6 × 1.5–3 cm. Plants 2–7 dm, from bulbs; bulbs not clumped, tunicate, ovoid, 18–40 × 12–35 mm.
Stems

with persistent leaf bases proximally.

Leaves

proximal blades 25–40 cm × 5–12 mm.

proximal blades 15–35 cm × 3–15 mm.

Inflorescences

paniculate, 15–30-flowered, with 1–4 branches, 1.5–3 dm × 3–6 cm, proximal branches 7–8 cm.

paniculate, 10–80-flowered, narrow, terminal raceme pyramidal in anthesis, 2–30 × 2–4 cm, proximal branches usually less than 6 cm, 1/10–1/2 length of entire inflorescence, diverging from main axis at 10°–60° when in fruit.

Flowers

perianth perigynous, rotate to rotate-campanulate, 10–15 mm diam.;

tepals white, ovate, 3–6 × 3–4 mm, somewhat narrowed at base, apex broadly rounded;

gland 1, obcordate, thick;

pedicel ascending at anthesis, 1–1.5 cm, bracts often streaked with purple, ovate, 3–6 mm.

perianth hypogynous, campanulate, 5–10 mm diam.;

tepals persistent in fruit, cream colored, ovate, 2–5 × 1–4 mm, outer usually not clawed, apex usually acute;

gland 1, obovate, distal margins evident to obscure, irregular;

filaments straight, usually equaling tepals, occasionally longer, thickened proximally;

pedicel ascending to perpendicular to stem in fruit, 3–25 mm, bracts green, lanceolate, 5–15 mm.

Capsules

narrowly conic, 7–8 mm.

5–20 × 3–8 mm.

2n

= 32.

= 22.

Zigadenus vaginatus

Zigadenus paniculatus

Phenology Flowering Aug. Flowering Apr–Jun.
Habitat Wet sandstone ledges of canyons, “hanging garden” community Sagebrush desert, dry open inland grasslands
Elevation 1100–1900 m (3600–6200 ft) 1300–2600 m (4300–8500 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
CO; UT
[WildflowerSearch map]
from FNA
AZ; CA; CO; ID; MT; NM; NV; OR; UT; WA; WY
[WildflowerSearch map]
Discussion

Of conservation concern.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 26, p. 87. FNA vol. 26, p. 85.
Parent taxa Liliaceae > Zigadenus Liliaceae > Zigadenus
Sibling taxa
Z. brevibracteatus, Z. densus, Z. elegans, Z. exaltatus, Z. fontanus, Z. fremontii, Z. glaberrimus, Z. micranthus, Z. mogollonensis, Z. nuttallii, Z. paniculatus, Z. venenosus, Z. virescens
Z. brevibracteatus, Z. densus, Z. elegans, Z. exaltatus, Z. fontanus, Z. fremontii, Z. glaberrimus, Z. micranthus, Z. mogollonensis, Z. nuttallii, Z. vaginatus, Z. venenosus, Z. virescens
Synonyms Anticlea vaginata Helonias paniculata, Toxicoscordion paniculatum
Name authority (Rydberg) J. F. Macbride: Contr. Gray Herb. 53: 4. (1918) (Nuttall) S. Watson: Botany (Fortieth Parallel), 343. (1871)
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