Yucca rostrata |
Yucca aloifolia |
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beak yucca, izote kikapú |
aloe yucca, dagger plant, Spanish bayonet |
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Habit | Plants solitary or forming colonies of rosettes, caulescent, arborescent, 2.5–3.6 m, not including inflorescence, 1.8–3.2 dm diam; rosettes each with more than 100 leaves. | Plants forming colonies of rosettes, arborescent, to 7 m. Stems 1–3, erect or somewhat declining, simple or sparingly branched. |
Stems | 1–several, erect, mostly simple, occasionally 1–3-branched. |
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Leaf | blade linear, often twisted, flat to concavo-convex, widest considerably beyond middle, 25–60 × 1.2–1.7 cm, glaucous, smooth, margins minutely denticulate, lemon yellow, hyaline, apex spinose, spine tipped. |
blade erect, dark green, flattened or slightly concave, thick, 12–40 × 2.5–6 cm, rigid, margins sharply denticulate or entire, rarely filiferous with straight fibers. |
Inflorescences | paniculate, arising just within or beyond rosettes, ovoid, 3–10 dm; branches up to 3.8 dm; bracts erect; peduncle sometimes scapelike, 0.3–1 m, less than 2.5 cm diam., glabrous or glabrescent. |
pendent, paniculate, arising 1/4–1/2 within rosettes, somewhat conical, 4.5–6.1 dm, glabrous or slightly pubescent; peduncle scapelike, to 3 dm. |
Flowers | pendent; perianth globose to campanulate; tepals distinct, white, narrowly ovate, 4.2–5.2 × 1.1–2 cm, apex sharply acuminate; filaments 1.7–2 cm; pistil 2.5–3.5 cm; style white, 6–14 mm; stigmas lobed. |
pendent, to 7 cm; perianth globose; tepals spreading, connate basally for less than 1 mm, creamy white tinged with green or purple near base, lanceolate, 3–4 × 1.2–2.2 cm; filaments ca. 2 cm; anthers 2–3 mm; pistil light green, 3–4 × 0.8–1 cm; ovary stipitate, 2–5 cm; style 5 mm; stigmas distinct. |
Fruits | erect, capsular, dehiscent, ovoid to ellipsoid, rarely constricted, 4–7 × 1.8–2.5 cm, dehiscence septicidal. |
pendent, baccate, without core, indehiscent, 3.5–5 × 2–2.6 cm, with fleshy, succulent, purple pulp. |
Seeds | dull black, round-ovate, 5–7 mm diam., 2.5 mm thick. |
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Yucca rostrata |
Yucca aloifolia |
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Phenology | Flowering spring. | Flowering fall. |
Habitat | Rocky mountain slopes, canyon bottoms | Sand dunes or shell mounds near coasts |
Elevation | 700 m (2300 ft) | 0–1800 m (0–5900 ft) |
Distribution |
TX; n Mexico (Coahuila)
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AL; FL; GA; LA; MS; NC; SC; TX; VA; Mexico; Central America; West Indies
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Discussion | In the United States, Yucca rostrata is restricted to Brewster County, Texas. It is closely related to Y. thompsoniana (K. H. Clary 1997), which is perhaps just a northern variant of this species. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Yucca aloifolia has been widely cultivated, and horticultural forms (or varieties, depending upon the source) differ in the striping of yellow and white on the leaves. Results of DNA studies by K. H. Clary (1997) show a close relationship between this species and Y. gloriosa. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 26, p. 430. | FNA vol. 26, p. 429. |
Parent taxa | Agavaceae > Yucca | Agavaceae > Yucca |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Y. rostrata var. linearis | Y. serrulata |
Name authority | Engelmann ex Trelease: Rep. (Annual) Missouri Bot. Gard. 13: 68, plates 40–42, plate 84, fig. 3, plate 93, fig. 2. (1902) | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 1: 319. (1753) |
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