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Eve's needle, Faxon yucca, Spanish bayonet, Spanish dagger

twisted-leaf yucca

Habit Plants solitary, erect, arborescent, 2.5–6.9 m, including inflorescence. Plants usually forming open colonies of rosettes, acaulescent, with branching subterranean caudices; rosettes 2–15 per colony, each rosette with fewer than 100 leaves.
Stems

1, simple or with 2–4 branches, to 5.1 m, average diam. 32 cm.

Leaf

blade erect, yellowish green, 43–115 × 3.1–8.4 cm, rigid, smooth, glabrous, margins conspicuous, curling, filiferous, brown.

blade lanceolate, twisted, strongly concave, widest at middle, distinctly narrowing toward base, broadened at stem attachments, 35–60 × 1.7–4 cm, somewhat fleshy, flexible, margins denticulate or wavy, dark orange or reddish brown, apex pointed.

Inflorescences

erect, paniculate, often with proximal branches arising beyond rosettes, broadly ovoid, 5.5–25.5 dm, glabrous;

peduncle 0.3–0.6 m. Flowers pendent, 4.4–12.4 cm;

perianth campanulate;

tepals connate basally into floral cup 1–32 mm, white to greenish white, ovate, 3.9–10.8 cm;

filaments averaging 2.2 cm from base of tepals, glabrous;

anthers 1–6 mm;

pistil 2.8–8 × 0.7 cm;

ovary ca. 4.5–5 times longer than wide;

style 4.5 mm;

stigmas distinct.

paniculate, arising beyond rosettes, narrowly ovoid, 2.5–10 dm;

branches 0.7–2 dm;

bracts erect;

peduncle scapelike, 0.3–1.5 m, 1.5–2 cm diam.

Flowers

pendent;

perianth campanulate;

tepals distinct, white or greenish white, ovate, 4–7 × 1.5–3 cm, apex sharply acuminate;

filaments 1.8–3.2 cm;

pistil 2.5–4.5 cm;

style white or greenish, 12–20 mm;

stigmas lobed.

Fruits

pendent, baccate, indehiscent, elongate, 3.6–13.6 × 1.8–3.6 cm, fleshy, succulent.

erect, capsular, dehiscent, ellipsoid to cylindric, 4–5.5 × 2–3 cm, dehiscence septicidal.

Seeds

black, 7.7 mm diam., 2.9 mm thick, smooth.

dull black, thin, 6–8 mm diam.

Yucca faxoniana

Yucca rupicola

Phenology Flowering late winter–spring. Flowering late spring.
Habitat Rocky slopes, flat plains Rocky hillsides of limestone ledges, open plains, woodlands
Elevation 800–2100 m (2600–6900 ft) 400–900 m (1300–3000 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
TX; Mexico (Chihuahua, Coahuila)
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
TX
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Trelease described the genus Samuela based on two species, Samuela faxoniana and S. carnerosana. K. H. Clary’s DNA study (1997) shows them to be closely related but genetically distinct.

Yucca faxoniana is often used for landscaping in arid and semiarid regions of Texas and New Mexico.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Yucca rupicola is endemic to southeastern Edwards Plateau. It is the only species in the flora with flaccid, twisted leaves.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 26, p. 427. FNA vol. 26, p. 431.
Parent taxa Agavaceae > Yucca Agavaceae > Yucca
Sibling taxa
Y. aloifolia, Y. angustissima, Y. arkansana, Y. baccata, Y. baileyi, Y. brevifolia, Y. campestris, Y. constricta, Y. elata, Y. filamentosa, Y. flaccida, Y. glauca, Y. gloriosa, Y. harrimaniae, Y. intermedia, Y. madrensis, Y. necopina, Y. neomexicana, Y. pallida, Y. reverchonii, Y. rostrata, Y. rupicola, Y. schidigera, Y. tenuistyla, Y. thompsoniana, Y. treculeana, Y. utahensis
Y. aloifolia, Y. angustissima, Y. arkansana, Y. baccata, Y. baileyi, Y. brevifolia, Y. campestris, Y. constricta, Y. elata, Y. faxoniana, Y. filamentosa, Y. flaccida, Y. glauca, Y. gloriosa, Y. harrimaniae, Y. intermedia, Y. madrensis, Y. necopina, Y. neomexicana, Y. pallida, Y. reverchonii, Y. rostrata, Y. schidigera, Y. tenuistyla, Y. thompsoniana, Y. treculeana, Y. utahensis
Synonyms Samuela faxoniana, Y. australis, Y. macrocarpa Y. rupicola var. tortifolia
Name authority Sargent: Man. Trees, 121. (1905) Scheele: Linnaea 23: 143. (1850)
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