Yucca faxoniana |
Yucca harrimaniae |
|
---|---|---|
Eve's needle, Faxon yucca, Spanish bayonet, Spanish dagger |
Harriman's yucca, Spanish bayonet |
|
Habit | Plants solitary, erect, arborescent, 2.5–6.9 m, including inflorescence. | Plants cespitose, forming dense to open colonies, acaulescent or short-caulescent; rosettes usually small, asymmetrical or symmetrical. |
Stems | 1, simple or with 2–4 branches, to 5.1 m, average diam. 32 cm. |
to 0.3 m. Leaf blade pale green, linear- or spatulate-lanceolate, concavo-convex, widest near middle, 30–50 × 1.8–4.3 cm, rigid, margins entire, filiferous, white or brown, apex pungent. |
Leaf | blade erect, yellowish green, 43–115 × 3.1–8.4 cm, rigid, smooth, glabrous, margins conspicuous, curling, filiferous, brown. |
|
Inflorescences | erect, paniculate, often with proximal branches arising beyond rosettes, broadly ovoid, 5.5–25.5 dm, glabrous; peduncle 0.3–0.6 m. Flowers pendent, 4.4–12.4 cm; perianth campanulate; tepals connate basally into floral cup 1–32 mm, white to greenish white, ovate, 3.9–10.8 cm; filaments averaging 2.2 cm from base of tepals, glabrous; anthers 1–6 mm; pistil 2.8–8 × 0.7 cm; ovary ca. 4.5–5 times longer than wide; style 4.5 mm; stigmas distinct. |
racemose, rarely paniculate proximally, arising within or just beyond rosettes, 3.5–7 dm; branches, when present, few, short; bracts erect, proximal to 20 cm, distal 5–8 cm; peduncle scapelike, 0.1–0.2 m, less than 2.5 cm diam. |
Flowers | pendent; perianth broadly campanulate; tepals distinct, yellow or greenish yellow, usually tinged purple, broadly lanceolate, 4–5(–5.3) × 1.6–3.4 cm; filaments 1.6–2.8 cm; pistil pale green, 2.7–3.8 × 0.4–0.8 cm; style pale to bright green, 9–13 mm; stigmas lobed. |
|
Fruits | pendent, baccate, indehiscent, elongate, 3.6–13.6 × 1.8–3.6 cm, fleshy, succulent. |
erect, capsular, dehiscent, cylindrical, usually deeply constricted toward center, 3–5(–5.5) × 2–3 cm, dehiscence septicidal. |
Seeds | black, 7.7 mm diam., 2.9 mm thick, smooth. |
dull black, thin, 5–8 × (3.5–)4–8 mm. |
Yucca faxoniana |
Yucca harrimaniae |
|
Phenology | Flowering late winter–spring. | Flowering spring–early summer. |
Habitat | Rocky slopes, flat plains | Desert slopes, foothills, and plateaus in limestone and volcanic outcrops |
Elevation | 800–2100 m (2600–6900 ft) | 1000–2500 m (3300–8200 ft) |
Distribution |
TX; Mexico (Chihuahua, Coahuila)
|
AZ; CO; NM; NV; UT
|
Discussion | Trelease described the genus Samuela based on two species, Samuela faxoniana and S. carnerosana. K. H. Clary’s DNA study (1997) shows them to be closely related but genetically distinct. Yucca faxoniana is often used for landscaping in arid and semiarid regions of Texas and New Mexico. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
S. D. McKelvey (1938–1947) included Yucca neomexicana in Y. harrimaniae, as did J. L. Reveal (1977c), who gave it varietal status. K. H. Clary’s (1997) DNA studies contributed to a consensus tree in which Y. harrimaniae and Y. neomexicana are discrete and widely separated. These taxa are allopatric, separated by the San Juan Mountains of Colorado, and this along with Clary’s evidence supports their recognition as separate species. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 26, p. 427. | FNA vol. 26, p. 436. |
Parent taxa | Agavaceae > Yucca | Agavaceae > Yucca |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Samuela faxoniana, Y. australis, Y. macrocarpa | Y. gilbertiana, Y. harrimaniae var. gilbertiana, Y. harrimaniae var. sterilis |
Name authority | Sargent: Man. Trees, 121. (1905) | Trelease: Rep. (Annual) Missouri Bot. Gard. 13: 59, plates 28, 29, plate 83, fig. 10, plate 93, fig. 1. (1902) |
Web links |