Yucca elata |
Yucca campestris |
|||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
palmella, soap-tree yucca, soap-weed yucca |
plains yucca |
|||||
Habit | Plants solitary or forming small colonies of rosettes, caulescent or rarely acaulescent, distinctly arborescent, mostly few-branched, 1.2–4.5 m; rosettes usually large, symmetrical or asymmetrical. | Plants forming small or large, open colonies, acaulescent or occasionally caulescent and arborescent, rhizomatous; rosettes usually small. | ||||
Stems | 1–7 per colony, erect, thick, 1–1.5(–2.5) m. Leaf blade pale green, linear, widest near middle, 25–95 × 0.2–1.3 cm, flexible, margins entire, curled, filiferous, whitish, apex tapering to short spine. |
0.6–1 m. Leaf blade linear, plano-convex or plano-keeled, widest near middle, 40–65 × 0.3–0.7(–1.5) cm, rigid, margins entire, filiferous, white, apex spinose, spine acicular, 7 mm. |
||||
Inflorescences | mostly paniculate, sometimes distally racemose, arising beyond rosettes, mostly narrowly ovoid to ovoid, 7–15 × 2.5–6.5 dm; branches 0.7–3.5 dm; bracts erect; peduncle sometimes scapelike, 1–2 m, 2.5–5.5 cm diam. |
paniculate, arising within or occasionally beyond rosettes, narrowly ellipsoid, 6–10 dm, distance from leaf tips to proximal inflorescence branches less than twice leaf length when fully expanded, glabrous; branches to 13 cm; bracts erect; peduncle scapelike, 0.5–1 m, less than 2.5 cm diam. |
||||
Flowers | pendent; perianth campanulate or globose; tepals distinct, creamy white, often tinged green or pink, narrow to broadly elliptic or ovate, 3.2–5.7 × 1.3–3.2 cm; filaments 1.5–2.5(–3.2) cm, pubescent; anthers (2–)2.5–4.8 mm; pistil 2–3.2 × 0.6–1 cm; style white or pale green, 6–11 mm; stigmas lobed. |
pendent; perianth globose; tepals connate, dull green, sometimes tinged pink, 4.1–6.5 × 1.5–2.5 cm; filaments shorter than pistil, flaccid; anthers 3.2 mm; pistil ovoid to obovoid, 2.5–3 × 0.5–0.9 cm; style bright green; stigmas lobed. |
||||
Fruits | erect, capsular, dehiscent, oblong-cylindric, symmetrical or rarely constricted, 4–8.2 × 2–4 cm, dehiscence septicidal. |
erect, capsular, dehiscent, symmetrical or rarely constricted, 4.5–5.5(–6.3) × 3–5 cm, dehiscence septicidal. |
||||
Seeds | dull black, thin, 7–11(–14) mm diam. |
glossy black, thin, 11–14 × 8–11 mm. |
||||
Yucca elata |
Yucca campestris |
|||||
Phenology | Flowering spring. | |||||
Habitat | Deep sands | |||||
Elevation | 800–900 m (2600–3000 ft) | |||||
Distribution |
North America; Mexico
|
TX |
||||
Discussion | Varieties 2 (2 in the flora). J. L. Reveal (1977c) reduced S. D. McKelvey’s (1938–1947) Yucca utahensis and Y. verdiensis to varieties of Y. elata based primarily u!pon growth forms. J. M. Webber (1953) considered that these taxa are populations of hybrids between members of the Y. glauca alliance of the Great Plains and Y. elata of the American Southwest. Reveal believed that Webber did not provide adequate justification for his hybrid hypothesis. K. H. Clary (1997, pers. comm.) believes that Y. utahensis is genetically distinct from Y. elata and Y. verdiensis, based on DNA evidence and the morphological characters of style, stigma, fruit, and leaf. Her DNA evidence shows that Y. elata and Y. verdiensis are sister taxa, while Y. utahensis is not. Although there is a great range of variation within Y. elata as circumscribed here, the two varieties recognized are difficult to distinguish. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Yucca campestris is endemic to the plains region in the southern panhandle counties of western Texas. S. D. McKelvey (1938–1947) discussed its variation in relation to its distribution, and K. H. Clary’s (1997) DNA studies support its recognition as a distinct species. J. M. Webber (1953) considered Y. campestris to be a hybrid between Y. constricta and Y. elata, and reported a distribution from west Texas into southern New Mexico, and possibly into northwestern New Mexico. Additional study within these regions may help resolve the relationships and origin of this species. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
||||
Key |
|
|||||
Source | FNA vol. 26, p. 432. | FNA vol. 26, p. 438. | ||||
Parent taxa | Agavaceae > Yucca | Agavaceae > Yucca | ||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||
Name authority | Engelmann: Bot. Gaz. 7: 17. (1882) | McKelvey: Yuccas Southw. U.S. 2: 173, plates 62, 63. (1947) | ||||
Web links |